A rare trivalent metallic element, found in gadolinite and other minerals. Symbol: Y, at. wt.: 88.905, at. no.: 39, sp. gr.: 4.47. Cf."rare-earth element."
Yttrium has a silver-metallic luster and is relatively stable in air unless finely divided. Turnings of the metal, however, ignite in air if their temperature exceeds 400oC. Yttrium oxide is one of the most important compounds of yttrium and accounts for the largest use. It is widely used in making YVO4 europium, and Y2O3 europium phosphors to give the red color in color television tubes.
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Radiation
High energy particles or rays emitted during the nuclear decay processes.
Eluate
Solvent (or mobile phase) which passes through a chromatographic column and removes the sample components from the stationary phase.
Alkali Metals
Metals of Group IA (Na, K, Rb).
Colligative Properties
Physical properties of solutions that depend upon the number but not the kind of solute particles present.
Hydrogen Bond
A fairly strong dipole-dipole interaction (but still considerably weaker than the covalent or ionic bonds) between molecules containing hydrogen directly bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom, such as N, O, or F.
Autoionization
An ionization reaction between identical molecules.
Alpha Particles
A helium nucleus.
Evaporation Rate
The rate at which a particular substance will vapourize (evaporate) when compared to the rate of a known substance such as ethyl ether. This term is especially useful for health and fire-hazard considerations.
Cathodic Protection
Protection of a metal (making ir a cathode) against corrosion by attaching it to a sacrifical anode of a more easily oxidized metal.
Salicylate
A salt or ester of salicylic acid.
