A rare trivalent metallic element, found in gadolinite and other minerals. Symbol: Y, at. wt.: 88.905, at. no.: 39, sp. gr.: 4.47. Cf."rare-earth element."
Yttrium has a silver-metallic luster and is relatively stable in air unless finely divided. Turnings of the metal, however, ignite in air if their temperature exceeds 400oC. Yttrium oxide is one of the most important compounds of yttrium and accounts for the largest use. It is widely used in making YVO4 europium, and Y2O3 europium phosphors to give the red color in color television tubes.
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Atom
The smallest particle of an element.
xenon tetrafluoride
A colorless, crystalline compound, XeF4, prepared by heating a gaseous mixture of fluorine and xenon.
Activation Energy
Amount of energy that must be absorbed by reactants in their ground states to reach the transition state so that a reaction can occur. In other words, activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
Evaporation Rate
The rate at which a particular substance will vapourize (evaporate) when compared to the rate of a known substance such as ethyl ether. This term is especially useful for health and fire-hazard considerations.
Hydride
A binary compound of hydrogen.
Amino Acid
Compound containing both an amino and a carboxylic acid group.The --NH2 group.
Coulometry
The quantitative application of Faraday's Law to the analysis of materials. The current and time are the usual variables measured.
Conjugate Acid-base Pair
In Bronsted-Lowry terminology, a reactant and product that differ by a proton, H+.
Electronic Transition
The transfer of an electron from one energy level to another.
Carbonium ion
An orgainic ion carrying a positive charge on a carbon atom.
