A rare trivalent metallic element, found in gadolinite and other minerals. Symbol: Y, at. wt.: 88.905, at. no.: 39, sp. gr.: 4.47. Cf."rare-earth element."
Yttrium has a silver-metallic luster and is relatively stable in air unless finely divided. Turnings of the metal, however, ignite in air if their temperature exceeds 400oC. Yttrium oxide is one of the most important compounds of yttrium and accounts for the largest use. It is widely used in making YVO4 europium, and Y2O3 europium phosphors to give the red color in color television tubes.
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Haber Process
A process for the catalyzed industrial production of ammonia from N2 and H2 at high temperature and pressure.
Flammable
A liquid as defined by NFPD and DOT as having a flash point below 37.8°C (100°F).
Bond Order
Half the numbers of electrons in bonding orbitals minus half the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals. Bond order gives an indication to the stability of a bond. Also defined as the difference between the number of bonding electrons and antibonding electrons divided by two.
Chemical Kinetics
The study of rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions and of the factors on which they depend.
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture which has uniform composition and properties throughout.
Salicylate
A salt or ester of salicylic acid.
PseudobinaryIonic Compounds
Compounds that contain more than two elements but are named like binary compounds.
A brief history of dyeing fabrics
Dyeing fabrics is giving the fibers a homogeneous color that has a certain degree of strength. The methods of dyeing are very diverse, depending on the properties of the dyes and the dyed fibers.
Binding Energy (nuclear binding energy)
The energy equivalent (E = mc^2) of the mass deficiency of an atom. where: E = is the energy in joules, m is the mass in kilograms, and c is the speed of light in m/s^2
Ideal Gas Law
The product of pressure and the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas and the absolute temperature.
