Combination of symbols that indicates the chemical composition of a substance.
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Interesting facts about metals
Metals have been used by people since ancient times. All the time the process of obtaining them was improved, useful alloys of various metals appeared. Let’s look at interesting facts about metals.
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Features of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...
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Degenerate
Of the same energy.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it may be changed from one form to another.
Intermolecular Forces
Forces between individual particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance.
Bond Order
Half the numbers of electrons in bonding orbitals minus half the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals. Bond order gives an indication to the stability of a bond. Also defined as the difference between the number of bonding electrons and antibonding electrons divided by two.
Half-Cell
Compartment in which the oxidation or reduction half-reaction occurs in a voltaic cell.
Hydration Energy
The energy change accompanying the hydration of a mole of gase and ions.
Combustible
Classification of liquid substances that will burn on the basis of flash points. A combustible liquid means any liquid having a flash point at or above 37.8°C (100°F) but below 93.3°C (200°F), except any mixture having components with flash points of 93.3°C (200°F) or higher, the total of which makes up 99 percent or more of the total volume of the mixture.
Partial Pressure
The pressure exerted by one gas in a mixture of gases.
Accuracy
How closely a measured value agrees with the correct value.
Aufbau ('building up') Principle
Describes the order in which electrons fill orbitals in atoms.
