The undesirable overgrowth of vegetation caused by high concentrates of plant nutrients in bodies of water.
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The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...
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People use chemicals every day for a wide array of purposes, which can include work and house hold duties. Many of us fail to realize that we are actually handling potentially deadly chemicals when we simply clean the bathroom or wash the car. This brings to mind the reason why chemical safety is...
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Equilibrium Constant
A quantity that characterizes the position of equilibrium for a reversible reaction, its magnitude is equal to the mass action expression at equilibrium. K varies with temperature.
Ionic Geometry
The arrangement of atoms (not lone pairs of electrons) about the central atom of a polyatomic ion.
Physical Change
A change in which a substance changes from one physical state to another but no substances with different composition are formed. Example Gas to Liquid - Solid.
Bonding Pair
Pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond.
Resonance
The concept in which two or more equivalent dot formulas for the same arrangement of atoms (resonance structures) are necessary to describe the bonding in a molecule or ion.
Crystal Field Stabilization Energy
A measure of the net energy of stabilization gained by a metal ion's nonbonding d electrons as a result of complex formation.
Hydrolysis
The reaction of a substance with water or its ions.
Actinides
Elements 89 to 103 (between lawrencium and actinium) on the periodic table. Only the first four have been found in nature in appreciable amounts. The remainder have been produced synthetically.
Avogadro's Law
At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules.
Crystal Lattice
A pattern of arrangement of particles in a crystal.
