The undesirable overgrowth of vegetation caused by high concentrates of plant nutrients in bodies of water.
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Varieties of garnet minerals
The most famous type of garnet stone is pyrope (flaming). This is the "oldest of garnets", with a dense red color, similar to the grain of an edible garnet. Pyrope has a variety called rhodolite - a stone of dense pink or pink-purple color, which sometimes has the alexandrite effect and is used in...
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Why do copper products change color, and what is the name of the process?
Probably, every person wants to know, why over time the copper turns green and becomes bloomed. This is easy to explain: that film is called patina.
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Diamonds Are Forever
Diamonds are still a girl's best friend, right? We love the shiny gems. They are the most popular rocks sold today. But what exactly are they, anyway? Where do they come from? What else are they used for?
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Secondary Voltaic Cells
Voltaic cells that can be recharged, original reactanats can be regenerated be reversing the direction of the current flow.
Polar Bond
Covalent bond in which there is an unsymmetrical distribution of electron density.
xylose
A colorless, crystalline pentose sugar, C5H10O5, derived from xylan, straw, corncobs, etc., by treating with heated dilute sulfuric acid, and dehydrating to furfural if stronger acid is used.
Electron Configuration
Specific distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals of atoms or ions.
xanthene dye
Any of a group of dyes having a molecular structure related to that of xanthene in which the aromatic (C6H4) groups are the chromophore.
Acid
A substance that produces H+(aq) ions in aqueous solution. Strong acids ionize completely or almost completely in dilute aqueous solution. Weak acids ionize only slightly. Chemicals or substances having the property of an acid are said to be acidic.
Molar Solubility
Number of moles of a solute that dissolve to produce a litre of saturated solution.
Precipitate
An insoluble solid formed by mixing in solution the constituent ions of a slightly soluble solution.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
The entropy of a hypothetical pure, perfect, crystalline sustance at absolute zero temperature is zero.
Supercritical Fluid
A substance at temperature above its critical temperature.
