A Nuclear particle with the mass of an electron but opposite charge.
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Features of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope
The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Diamonds Are Forever
Diamonds are still a girl's best friend, right? We love the shiny gems. They are the most popular rocks sold today. But what exactly are they, anyway? Where do they come from? What else are they used for?
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Chemistry of the sky
Chemistry can teach us about the composition of celestial bodies and determine their age.
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Gas of rotten eggs
If you happen to break a rotten egg, then you know the smell of hydrogen sulfide, because the stench of the spoiled egg depends on of its presence in rotting protein substances.
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Atomic Radius
Radius of an atom.
Gel
Colloidal suspension of a solid dispersed in a liquid, a semirigid solid.
Heterogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst that exists in a different phase (solid, liquid or gas) from the reactants, a contact catalyst.
Critical Mass
The minimum mass of a particular fissionable nuclide in a given volume required to sustain a nuclear chain reaction.
Chain Reaction
A reaction that, once initiated, sustains itself and expands. This is a reaction in which reactive species, such as radicals, are produced in more than one step. These reactive species, radicals, propagate the chain reaction.
Monoprotic Acid
Acid that can form only one hydronium ion per molecule, may be strong or weak. Acid that contains one ionizable hydrogen atom per formula unit.
Sigma Orbital
Molecular orbital resulting from head-on overlap of two atomic orbitals.
Secondary Standard
A solution that has been titrated against a primary standard. A standard solution is a secondary standard.
Dipole-dipole Interactions
Attractive interactions between polar molecules, that is, between molecules with permanent dipoles.
Bonding Pair
Pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond.
