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A molecular orbital derived only from an atomic orbital of one atom, lends neither stability nor instability to a molecule or ion when populated with electrons.

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  • Features of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope

    The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) invented by Heinrich Rohrer and Gerd Binnig in the 1980s still manages to do a great job today and competes with more advanced microscope types. The scanning tunneling microscope is used for studying the surface atoms that are found on various materials. The...

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Ester

A Compound of the general formula R-C-O-R1 where R and R1 may be the same or different, and may be either aliphatic or aromatic.

Frasch Process

Method by which elemental sulfur is mined or extracted. Sulfur is melted with superheated water (at 170°C under high pressure) and forced to the surface of the earth as a slurry.

 

Distillation

The separation of a liquid mixture into its components on the basis of differences in boiling points. The process in which components of a mixture are separated by boiling away the more volitile liquid.

Heterogeneous Equilibria

Equilibria involving species in more than one phase.

Miscibility

The ability of one liquid to mix with (dissolve in) another liquid.

Emulsion

Colloidal suspension of a liquid in a liquid.

Solute

The dispersed (dissolved) phase of a solution.

Neutron

A neutral subatomic particle having a mass of 1.0087 amu.

Phase Diagram

Diagram that shows equilibrium temperature-pressure relationships for different phases of a substance.

Electroplating

Plating a metal onto a (cathodic) surface by electrolysis.