Absorption of a K shell (n=1) electron by a proton as it is converted to a neutron.
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Hybridization
Mixing a set of atomic orbitals to form a new set of atomic orbitals with the same total electron capacity and with properties and energies intermediate between those of the original unhybridized orbitals.
Salinometer
An instrument for measuring the amount of salt in a solution. Also,"salimeter, salometer."
Anion
A negative ion, an atom or goup of atoms that has gained one or more electrons.
Half-Cell
Compartment in which the oxidation or reduction half-reaction occurs in a voltaic cell.
Differential Thermometer
A thermometer used for accurate measurement of very small changes in temperature.
Critical Mass
The minimum mass of a particular fissionable nuclide in a given volume required to sustain a nuclear chain reaction.
Suspension
A heterogeneous mixture in which solute-like particles settle out of solvent-like phase some time after their introduction.
Adsorption
Adhesion of a species onto the surfaces of particles.
Fractional Distillation
The process in which a fractioning column is used in distillation apparatus to separate components of a liquid mixture that have different boiling points.
Linear Accelerator
A device used for accelerating charged particles along a straight line path.
