Forces between individual particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance.
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Homogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst that exists in the same phase (solid, liquid or gas) as the reactants. The process is called Homogeneous Catalysis.
Polar Bond
Covalent bond in which there is an unsymmetrical distribution of electron density.
Anion
A negative ion, an atom or goup of atoms that has gained one or more electrons.
Molecular Geometry
The arrangement of atoms (not lone pairs of electrons) around a central atom of a molecule or polyatomic ion.
A brief history of dyeing fabrics
Dyeing fabrics is giving the fibers a homogeneous color that has a certain degree of strength. The methods of dyeing are very diverse, depending on the properties of the dyes and the dyed fibers.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
Assumes that electron pairs are arranged around the central element of a molecule or polyatomic ion so that there is maximum separation (and minimum repulsion) among regions of high electron density.
Salt Bridge
A U-shaped tube containing electrolyte, which connects two half-cells of a voltaic cell.
Nonbonding Orbital
A molecular orbital derived only from an atomic orbital of one atom, lends neither stability nor instability to a molecule or ion when populated with electrons.
Thermodynamics
The study of the energy transfers accompanying physical and chemical processes.
Hydride
A binary compound of hydrogen.
