Forces between individual particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance.
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The most expensive metal in the world
Do you think the most expensive metal is gold? No! On earth there are more valuable metals. But we need to divide the value of metals that occur in nature, and metals - isotopes, which are obtained in special laboratories. Let’s look at natural metals first.
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Interesting facts about metals
Metals have been used by people since ancient times. All the time the process of obtaining them was improved, useful alloys of various metals appeared. Let’s look at interesting facts about metals.
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What are Compound Microscopes?
Most of the microscopes used today are compound. A compound microscope features two or more lenses. A hollow cylinder called the tube connects the two lenses. The top lens, the one people look through, is called the eyepiece. The bottom lens is known as the objective lens. Below the two lenses is...
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Why do copper products change color, and what is the name of the process?
Probably, every person wants to know, why over time the copper turns green and becomes bloomed. This is easy to explain: that film is called patina.
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Allotropes
Different forms of the same element in the same physical state.
xanthene dye
Any of a group of dyes having a molecular structure related to that of xanthene in which the aromatic (C6H4) groups are the chromophore.
Precipitate
An insoluble solid formed by mixing in solution the constituent ions of a slightly soluble solution.
Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture that does not have uniform composition and properties throughout.
Sigma Bonds
Bonds resulting from the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, in which the region of electron sharing is along and (cylindrically) symmetrical to the imaginary line connecting the bonded atoms.
Bomb Calorimeter
A device used to measure the heat transfer between system and surroundings at constant volume.
Homologous Series
A series of compounds in which each member differs from the next by a specific number and kind of atoms.
Law of Definite Proportions (Law of Constant Composition)
The law stating that a pure substance will always have the same percent by weight. Different samples of a pure compound always contain the same elements in the same proportions by mass.
Electron Deficient Compounds
Compounds that contain at least one atom (other than H) that shares fewer than eight electrons.
Free Energy Change
The indicator of spontaneity of a process at constnt T and P. If delta-G is negative, the process is spontaneous.
