The liquid and solid phases, phases in which particles interact strongly.
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Periodic Law
The properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Electrical Conductivity
Ability to conduct electricity.
Standard Electrodes
Half-cells in which the oxidized and reduced forms of a species are present at unit activity, 1.0M solutions of dissolved ions, 1.0atm partial pressure of gases, and pure solids and liquids.
Voltaic Cells
Electrochemical cells in which spontaneous chemical reactions produce electricity, also called galvanic cells.
Ferromagnetism
The ability of a substance to become permanently magnetized by exposure to an external magnetic field.
Heterogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst that exists in a different phase (solid, liquid or gas) from the reactants, a contact catalyst.
Native State
Refers to the occurrence of an element in an uncombined or free state in nature.
Standard Molar Enthalphy of Formation
The amount of heat absorbed in the formation of one mole of a substance in a specified state from its elements in their standard states.
Nitrogenases
A class of enzymes found in bacteria within root nodules in some plants, which catalyze reactions by which N2 molecules from the air are converted to ammonia.
Metalloids
Elements with properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals: B, Al, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, Po, and At.
