A solution that contains a higher than saturation concentration of solute, slight disturbance or seeding causes crystallization of excess solute.
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What's In Your Beverage? How to Ensure Quality Control with CO2 Analytical Support
Calibration standards, performance audits, and the FDA's never-ending safety, labeling, and inspection requirements are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to dealing with the increasingly stringent quality control standards of the beverage industry. As these quality standards become...
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Interesting facts about metals
Metals have been used by people since ancient times. All the time the process of obtaining them was improved, useful alloys of various metals appeared. Let’s look at interesting facts about metals.
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Ozone
We breathe 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, consuming about 25 kg of air every day. It turns out that we practically predetermine our health by the air we breathe.
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Effective Collisons
Collision between molecules resulting in a reaction, one in which the molecules collide with proper relative orientations and sufficient energy to react.
Ionic Geometry
The arrangement of atoms (not lone pairs of electrons) about the central atom of a polyatomic ion.
Coke
An impure form of carbon obtained by destructive distillation of coal or petroleum.
Aufbau ('building up') Principle
Describes the order in which electrons fill orbitals in atoms.
Freezing Point Depression
The decrease in the freezing point of a solvent caused by the presence of a solute.ing Point
Mixture
A sample of matter composed of two or more substances, each of which retains its identity and properties.
Isomers
Different substances that have the same formula.
Native State
Refers to the occurrence of an element in an uncombined or free state in nature.
Dispersed Phase
The solute-like species in a colloid.
Molecule
The smallest particle of an element or compound capable of a stable, independent existence.
