A substance at temperature above its critical temperature.
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Ionic Compounds
Compounds containing predominantly ionic bonding.
Meniscus
The shape assumed by the surface of a liquid in a cylindrical container.
Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy
The total amount of matter and energy available in the universe is fixed.
Galvanizing
Placing a thin layer of zinc on a ferrous material to protect the underlying surface from corrosion.
Born-Haber Cycle
A series of reactions (and accompanying enthalpy changes) which, when summed, represents the hypothetical one-step reaction by which elements in their standard states are converted into crystals of ionic compounds (and the accompanying enthalpy changes.)
Electrophile
Positively charged or electron-deficient.
Molarity
Number of moles of solute per litre of solution.
Coulometry
The quantitative application of Faraday's Law to the analysis of materials. The current and time are the usual variables measured.
Dynamic Equilibrium
An equilibrium in which processes occur continuously, with no net change. When two (or more) processes occur at the same rate so that no net change occurs.
Lone Pair
Pair of electrons residing on one atom and not shared by other atoms, unshared pair.
