Equation for a chemical reaction written to show the predominant form of all species in aqueous solution or in contact with water.
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Osmosis
The process by which solvent molecules pass through a semipermable membrane from a dilute solution into a more concentrated solution.
Alkyl Group
A group of atoms derived from an alkane by the removal of one hydrogen atom.
Entropy
A thermodynamic state or property that measures the degree of disorder or randomness of a system.
Monoprotic Acid
Acid that can form only one hydronium ion per molecule, may be strong or weak. Acid that contains one ionizable hydrogen atom per formula unit.
Stereoisomers
Isomers that differ only in the way that atoms are oriented in space, consist of geometrical and optical isomers.
Half-Cell
Compartment in which the oxidation or reduction half-reaction occurs in a voltaic cell.
Actinides
Elements 89 to 103 (between lawrencium and actinium) on the periodic table. Only the first four have been found in nature in appreciable amounts. The remainder have been produced synthetically.
Atomic Radius
Radius of an atom.
Critical Mass
The minimum mass of a particular fissionable nuclide in a given volume required to sustain a nuclear chain reaction.
Atom
The smallest particle of an element.
