2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol is a fluoroalcohol. It is functionally related to an ethanol.
Chemical Glossary — Letter T
87 chemicals found starting with "T"
Tantalum
Tantalum is a hard, blue-grey transition metal, atomic number 73. Extremely corrosion resistant - resistant to virtually all acids at room temperature. Biocompatible. Critical mate…
Tartaric acid
L-tartaric acid is the L-enantiomer of tartaric acid. It is a conjugate acid of a L-tartrate(1-). It is an enantiomer of a D-tartaric acid.
Tautomerism
Tautomerism is a phenomenon in which a compound exists as two or more interconvertible structural isomers (tautomers) that are in rapid equilibrium. The most common type is keto-en…
Technetium
Technetium is a silvery-grey transition metal, atomic number 43, the lightest element with no stable isotopes. First artificially produced element (1937, Lawrence Berkeley Lab). Al…
Tellurium
Tellurium is a brittle, mildly toxic metalloid, atomic number 52. Rare in Earth crust. Imparts a distinct garlic-like odour to breath and sweat even at trace exposures (tellurium b…
Tellurium dioxide
Tellurium dioxide (O2Te) is an inorganic compound that appears as Dry Powder. It has a molecular weight of 159.6 g/mol.
Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. Measured in Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), or Kelvin (K). The Kelvin scale (absolute temperature) is used in sc…
Tennessine
Tennessine is a synthetic radioactive element named after Tennessee, USA. First synthesised in 2010 through collaboration between Dubna and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Expected …
Terbium
Terbium is a soft, silvery-white rare earth metal, atomic number 65. Used in green phosphors for energy-efficient lighting and displays. Terfenol-D (TbDyFe) is a highly magnetostri…
Terephthalic acid
Terephthalic acid is a benzenedicarboxylic acid carrying carboxy groups at positions 1 and 4. One of three possible isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others being phthalic a…
Termolecular Reaction
A termolecular reaction is an elementary reaction step in which three reactant particles (molecules, atoms, or ions) collide simultaneously to form products. Such reactions are ext…
Ternary Acid
A ternary acid (oxyacid) is an acid composed of three elements: hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element (usually a nonmetal such as sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, or chlorine). Exampl…
Ternary Compound
A ternary compound is a chemical compound composed of exactly three different elements. Examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH, Na + O + H), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃, Ca + C + O),…
tert-Butanol
Tert-butanol is a tertiary alcohol alcohol that is isobutane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It derives from a hydride…
tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride
Tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride is a silyl chloride consisting of a central silicon atom covalently bound to one chloro, one tert-butyl and two methyl groups. tert-Butyldimethylsi…
Testosterone
Testosterone is an androstanoid having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4C-5.. It has a role as an androgen, a mouse metabolite, a human metabolite …
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) can cause cancer according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts.
Tetracycline
Tetracycline (internal use) can cause developmental toxicity according to state or federal government labeling requirements.
Tetrahedral
Tetrahedral is a molecular geometry in which a central atom is bonded to four other atoms positioned at the corners of a regular tetrahedron, giving bond angles of approximately 10…
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran can cause cancer according to California Labor Code and the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
Tetralin
Tetralin is an ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro derivative of naphthalene. It is an ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon and a member of tetralins. It derive…
Tetramethylethylenediamine
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine is an ethylenediamine derivative in which each nitrogen carries two methyl substituents. It is widely employed both as a ligand for metal ions …
Thallium
Thallium is a soft, grey post-transition metal, atomic number 81. Extremely toxic - tasteless, odourless thallium salts have been used as rat poison and murder weapon. Thallium-201…
Theobromine
Theobromine is a dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in…
Theophylline
Theophylline is a dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 1 and 3. It is structurally similar to caffeine and is found in green and black tea. It has a r…
Theoretical Yield
The maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reactants, calculated from stoichiometry assuming 100% reaction. The actual yield is always less than o…
Theoretical Yield
The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed from a given amount of limiting reactant in a chemical reaction, assuming complete reaction and no losses.…
Thermal Cracking
Thermal cracking is a petroleum refining process in which large hydrocarbon molecules (found in heavy fractions of crude oil) are broken into smaller, more valuable molecules by th…
Thermal Decomposition
A chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances upon heating. Examples include the decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂) and metal carb…
Thermal Equilibrium
Thermal equilibrium is the condition in which two objects in thermal contact no longer exchange heat because they have reached the same temperature. It is the basis of the Zeroth L…
Thermocouple
A temperature-sensing device consisting of two different metal wires joined at one end. The temperature difference between the hot and cold junctions generates a voltage (Seebeck e…
Thermodynamics
The branch of science dealing with heat, work, energy transformations, and the relationships between properties of matter (temperature, pressure, volume). The four laws of thermody…
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, temperature, and energy. Its four laws govern the direction and extent of che…
Thermonuclear Energy
Thermonuclear energy is the energy released by nuclear fusion reactions — the combining of light atomic nuclei (such as deuterium and tritium) at extremely high temperatures (tens …
Thiamine
Thiamine(1+) is a primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respect…
Thionyl chloride
Thionyl chloride is a sulfinyl halide in which both of the halide atoms are chorines. It is a chlorine molecular entity and a sulfinyl halide.
Thiophene
Thiophene is a monocyclic heteroarene that is furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur. It has a role as a non-polar solvent. It is a volatile organic compound, a mem…
Thiophenol
Thiophenol (C6H6S) is an organic compound that appears as Phenyl mercaptan appears as a clear liquid with a repulsive odor. Boiling point 168.3 °C. Insoluble in water and denser th…
Thiourea
Thiourea can cause cancer according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystalline substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero (0 K). This provides an absol…
Thorium
Thorium is a weakly radioactive actinide metal. It is about three times more abundant than uranium in Earth crust and is considered a potential future nuclear fuel in thorium react…
Thulium
Thulium is a soft, silvery rare earth metal, atomic number 69. The least abundant naturally occurring lanthanide. Tm-170 is a portable X-ray source used in medicine and industry. T…
Thymine
Thymine is a pyrimidine nucleobase that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a methyl group. It has a role as a mouse metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabo…
Thymol
Thymol is a phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. It has a role as a volatile oil component. It is a monoterpenoid and a member of phenols. It derives from a h…
Thymol blue
Thymol blue (C27H30O5S) is a chemical indicator that appears as Brownish-green crystals available as pure compound, soluble monosodium salt, and dilute solutions; [CHEMINFO]. It ha…
Thyroxine
L-thyroxine is the L-enantiomer of thyroxine. It has a role as an antithyroid drug, a thyroid hormone, a mouse metabolite and a human metabolite. It is an iodophenol, a thyroxine, …
Tin
Tin is a silvery, malleable post-transition metal, atomic number 50. Has two allotropes: grey tin (alpha, brittle, below 13.2 C) and white tin (beta, normal form). Used since antiq…
Tin(II) chloride
Tin(II) chloride (SnCl2) is a salt that appears as Stannous chloride, solid appears as crystalline mass or flaky solid with a fatty appearance. Density 3.95 g / cm3. Melting point …
Tin(IV) oxide
Tin(IV) oxide (O2Sn) is an inorganic compound that appears as Tin(iv) oxide appears as white or off-white crystalline solid or powder. mp: 1127 °C, Sublimes: 1800-1900 °C, density:…
Titanium
Titanium is a lustrous, silvery transition metal, atomic number 22. Renowned for its excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Fourth most abu…
Titanium dioxide
Titanium dioxide (airborne, unbound particles of respirable size) can cause cancer according to California Labor Code.
Titanium tetrachloride
Titanium tetrachloride is a titanium molecular entity that is titanium which carries 4 chlorine atoms. It has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound.
Titanocene dichloride
Titanocene dichloride (C10H10Cl2Ti) is a laboratory reagent that appears as Titanocene dichloride appears as red to red-orange crystals. (NTP, 1992). It has a molecular weight of 2…
Titrant
The solution of known concentration added from a burette during a titration. The titrant reacts with the analyte in the flask. Common titrants include sodium hydroxide (for acid-ba…
Titration
Titration is a quantitative analytical technique in which a solution of known concentration (titrant, in a burette) is gradually added to a solution of unknown concentration (analy…
Titration
A quantitative analytical technique in which a solution of known concentration (titrant) is added to a known volume of solution of unknown concentration (analyte) until the reactio…
Titration Curve
A titration curve is a graph of pH (or potential) versus volume of titrant added during a titration. It shows how the pH changes as titrant is added, revealing the equivalence poin…
Toluene
Toluene can cause developmental toxicity according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts. It can cause female reproductive toxicity according to California L…
Toluene diisocyanate
Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate is a toluene meta-diisocyanate in which the isocyanato groups are at positions 2 and 4 relative to the methyl group on the benzene ring. It has a role as a…
Total Ionic Equation
A total (complete) ionic equation is a representation of a chemical reaction in solution in which all strong electrolytes are written as their individual dissociated ions. It shows…
Tracer
A tracer is a substance (radioactive isotope or stable heavy isotope) used to follow the path of an element or compound through a chemical or biological system. Radioactive tracers…
Transition Metal
An element in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, defined by IUPAC as elements whose atoms or ions have incompletely filled d-subshells. Transition metals often form colored compoun…
Transition State
The highest-energy species along a reaction coordinate, occurring at the activation energy maximum. Unlike intermediates, transition states cannot be isolated. They involve partial…
Transition State Theory
Transition state theory (activated complex theory) proposes that chemical reactions proceed through an unstable, high-energy intermediate structure called the transition state (or …
Transuranium Elements
Transuranium elements (also called transuranic elements) are the chemical elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 (uranium). All transuranium elements are radioactive and most…
Trehalose
Alpha,alpha-trehalose is a trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon. It has a role as a geroprotector, a mouse metabolite, a Sacchar…
Trichloroacetic acid
Trichloroacetic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine. It has a role as a metabolite, a carcinogenic age…
Trichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene can cause cancer according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts. It can cause developmental toxicity and male reproductive toxicity accord…
Triethylamine
Triethylamine is a tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an ethyl group.
Triethylene glycol
Triethylene glycol is a poly(ethylene glycol) that is octane-1,8-diol in which the carbon atoms at positions 3 and 6 have been replaced by oxygen atoms. It has a role as a plastici…
Trifluoroacetic acid
Trifluoroacetic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is the trifluoro derivative of acetic acid. It has a role as a reagent and a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is functionally rela…
Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
Triflic acid is a one-carbon compound that is methanesulfonic acid in which the hydrogens attached to the methyl carbon have been replaced by fluorines. It is a perfluoroalkanesulf…
Triglyme
Triglyme is a polyether that consists of dodecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 2, 5, 8 and 11 are replaced by oxygen atoms. It has a role as a solvent.
Trimethylamine
Trimethylamine is a tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an methyl group. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite and an Escherichia …
Trimethylsilyl chloride
Chlorotrimethylsilane is a silyl chloride consisting of a central silicon atom covalently bound to one chloro and three methyl groups. Chlorotrimethylsilane is a derivatisation age…
Triphenylmethane
Triphenylmethane is a triarylmethane in which the three aryl groups are phenyl. It forms the basic skeleton of several synthetic dyes. It has a role as a xenobiotic and an environm…
Triphenylphosphine
Triphenylphosphine is a member of the class of tertiary phosphines that is phosphane in which the three hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups. It has a role as a reducing agent. …
Triphenylphosphine oxide
Triphenylphosphane oxide is a phosphine oxide in which the substituents on phosphorus are three phenyl groups.
Triple Bond
A covalent bond formed by three pairs of shared electrons between two atoms: one sigma bond and two pi bonds. Triple bonds are shorter and stronger than double or single bonds. Alk…
Triple Point
The unique combination of temperature and pressure at which all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) of a substance coexist in equilibrium. The triple point of water (273.16 K, 61…
Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium
Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (C51H42O3Pd2) is a laboratory reagent. It has a molecular weight of 915.7 g/mol. Its IUPAC name is tris((1E,4E)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-o…
Tungsten
Tungsten is a hard, grey transition metal, atomic number 74. Has the highest melting point of all metals (3422 C) and the highest tensile strength at temperatures above 1650 C. Use…
Tungsten hexafluoride
Tungsten hexafluoride (F6W) is an inorganic compound that appears as Tungsten hexafluoride appears as a toxic corrosive light yellow liquid or gas. Noncombustible. Used in the manu…
Tungsten trioxide
Tungsten trioxide (O3W) is an inorganic compound that appears as Dry Powder; Dry Powder, Pellets or Large Crystals, Other Solid; Other Solid; Dry Powder, Other Solid, NKRA; Pellets…
Tyndall Effect
The scattering of light by colloidal particles, making the light beam visible. Colloids exhibit the Tyndall effect, while true solutions do not (particles too small to scatter ligh…
Tyndall Effect
The phenomenon whereby light is scattered by particles in a colloid, making the beam visible. Named after John Tyndall who described it in 1869. This effect distinguishes colloidal…
About Chemicals Starting With T
This page lists all chemicals in our database beginning with the letter T. Each entry provides the chemical formula, CAS registry number, physical and chemical properties, common uses, and safety information. Use the alphabetical navigation above to browse other letters, or use the search function to find a specific chemical quickly.
Our chemical glossary covers acids, bases, salts, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, solvents, and many more categories. Click on any chemical name to view its full detailed profile.