Region or volume in space in which the probability of finding electrons is highest.
Latest Articles
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Why do copper products change color, and what is the name of the process?
Probably, every person wants to know, why over time the copper turns green and becomes bloomed. This is easy to explain: that film is called patina.
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Creating Malachite egg
One of the most interesting and obvious chemical experiments is the experiment on the interaction of copper sulfate and calcium carbonate. The latter is contained in the shell of a simple egg, but copper sulphate should be searched in a chemical reagent store. This experience is simple, but...
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Varieties of garnet minerals
The most famous type of garnet stone is pyrope (flaming). This is the "oldest of garnets", with a dense red color, similar to the grain of an edible garnet. Pyrope has a variety called rhodolite - a stone of dense pink or pink-purple color, which sometimes has the alexandrite effect and is used in...
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What's In Your Beverage? How to Ensure Quality Control with CO2 Analytical Support
Calibration standards, performance audits, and the FDA's never-ending safety, labeling, and inspection requirements are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to dealing with the increasingly stringent quality control standards of the beverage industry. As these quality standards become...
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Film badge
A small patch of photographic film worn on clothing to detect and measure accumulated incident ionizing radiation.
Emulsion
Colloidal suspension of a liquid in a liquid.
Electrical Conductivity
Ability to conduct electricity.
Electronic Transition
The transfer of an electron from one energy level to another.
Emission Spectrum
Spectrum associated with emission of electromagnetic radiation by atoms (or other species) resulting from electronic transitions from higher to lower energy states.
Cohesive Forces
All the forces of attraction among particles of a liquid.
Voltage
Potential difference between two electrodes, a measure of the chemical potential for a redox reaction to occur.
Enzyme
A protein that acts as a catalyst in biological systems.
Cloud Chamber
A device for observing the paths of speeding particiles as vapor molecules condense on them to form foglike tracks.
Beta Particle
Electron emitted from the nucleus when a neuton decays to a proton and an electron.
