Describes the order in which electrons fill orbitals in atoms.
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Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
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Chemistry of the sky
Chemistry can teach us about the composition of celestial bodies and determine their age.
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Protein Design: Automated protein discovery and synthesis
In this paper I describe (theoretically) the method(s) of automated protein discovery and synthesis.
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Interesting facts about metals
Metals have been used by people since ancient times. All the time the process of obtaining them was improved, useful alloys of various metals appeared. Let’s look at interesting facts about metals.
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Ozone
We breathe 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, consuming about 25 kg of air every day. It turns out that we practically predetermine our health by the air we breathe.
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Hund's Rule
All orbitals of a given sublevel must be occupied by single electrons before pairing begins.
Ionic Bonding
Chemical bonding resulting from the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or a group of atoms to another.
Octane Number
A number that indicates how smoothly a gasoline burns.
Evaporation Rate
The rate at which a particular substance will vapourize (evaporate) when compared to the rate of a known substance such as ethyl ether. This term is especially useful for health and fire-hazard considerations.
Molecular Equation
Equation for a chemical reaction in which all formulas are written as if all substances existed as molecules, only complete formulas are used.
Dynamic Equilibrium
An equilibrium in which processes occur continuously, with no net change. When two (or more) processes occur at the same rate so that no net change occurs.
Condensed Phases
The liquid and solid phases, phases in which particles interact strongly.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Benzene and its derivatives.
Ioniztion
The breaking up of a compound into separate ions.
Crystal Field Theory
Theory of bonding in transition metal complexes in which ligands and metal ions are treated as point charges, a purely ionic model, ligand point charges represent the crystal (electrical) field perturbing the metal?s d orbitals containing nonbonding electrons.
