Water containing deuterium, a heavy isotope of hydrogen.
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- Varieties of garnet minerals
The most famous type of garnet stone is pyrope (flaming). This is the "oldest of garnets", with a dense red color, similar to the grain of an edible garnet. Pyrope has a variety called rhodolite - a stone of dense pink or pink-purple color, which sometimes has the alexandrite effect and is used in...
- Chemistry of the sky
Chemistry can teach us about the composition of celestial bodies and determine their age.
- Ozone
We breathe 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, consuming about 25 kg of air every day. It turns out that we practically predetermine our health by the air we breathe.
- Use of diamonds
Diamond is a crystalline modification of pure carbon formed in the deep interior of the Earth, in the upper mantle at depths of more than 80-100 kilometers, at exceptionally high pressure and temperature. It is the most precious stone, the hardest and most wear-resistant mineral, the most...
- Chemical Safety
People use chemicals every day for a wide array of purposes, which can include work and house hold duties. Many of us fail to realize that we are actually handling potentially deadly chemicals when we simply clean the bathroom or wash the car. This brings to mind the reason why chemical safety is...
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Avogadro's Number
The number (6.022x10^23) of atoms, molecules or particles found in exactly 1 mole of substance.
Primary Standard
A substance of a known high degree of purity that undergoes one invariable reaction with the other reactant of interest.
Law of Partial Pressures (Dalton's Law)
The total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
Salinometer
An instrument for measuring the amount of salt in a solution. Also,"salimeter, salometer."
Semipermable Membrane
A thin partition between two solutions through which certain molecules can pass but others cannot.
xenon hexafluoride
A colorless, crystalline compound, XeF6, that melts at 50°C to a yellow liquid, and boils at 75°C.
Theoretical Yield
Maximum amount of a specified product that could be obtained from specified amounts of reactants, assuming complete consumption of limiting reactant according to only one reaction and complete recovery of product.
Hess' Law of Heat Summation
The enthalpy change for a reaction is the same whether it occurs in one step or a series of steps.
Nitrogenases
A class of enzymes found in bacteria within root nodules in some plants, which catalyze reactions by which N2 molecules from the air are converted to ammonia.
Calorimeter
A device used to measure the heat transfer between system and surroundings.
