M

Malonic acid

IUPAC: propanedioic acid

C3H4O4 Acids CAS 141-82-2
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Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC3H4O4
CAS Number141-82-2
Molecular Weight104.06
Melting Point276.1 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point284 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
Density1.63 (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceMalonic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder. Sublimes in vacuum. (NTP, 1992)
Also Known Aspropanedioic acid; 141-82-2; Dicarboxymethane; Carboxyacetic acid; Methanedicarboxylic acid; malonate; Kyselina malonova; USAF EK-695; 1,3-Propanedioic acid; 9KX7ZMG0MK
CategoryAcids

What is Malonic acid?

Malonic acid is an alpha,-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).

Formula & Notation

C3H4O4

IUPAC Name: propanedioic acid

Other Names / Synonyms: propanedioic acid; 141-82-2; Dicarboxymethane; Carboxyacetic acid; Methanedicarboxylic acid; malonate; Kyselina malonova; USAF EK-695; 1,3-Propanedioic acid; 9KX7ZMG0MK

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: Malonic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder. Sublimes in vacuum. (NTP, 1992). Molecular formula: C3H4O4. Molecular weight: 104.06 g/mol. Boiling point: 284 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992). Melting point: 276.1 °F (NTP, 1992). Density: 1.63 (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink. Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992). Vapor pressure: 0.0015 [mmHg]. LogP: -0.8.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point276.1 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point284 °F at 760 mmHg (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)
Density1.63 (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink
Molecular Weight104.06
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceMalonic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder. Sublimes in vacuum. (NTP, 1992)

Uses & Applications

Used in industrial chemical synthesis, fertilizer production, battery electrolytes, metal processing, and laboratory acid-base reactions.

Safety Information

Corrosive. Causes severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Wear appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, and lab coat. Consult SDS before use.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Malonic acid
Formula C3H4O4
CAS Number 141-82-2
Molecular Weight 104.06
Category Acids
Synonyms propanedioic acid; 141-82-2; Dicarboxymethane; Carboxyacetic acid; Methanedicarboxylic acid; malonate; Kyselina malonova; USAF EK-695; 1,3-Propanedioic acid; 9KX7ZMG0MK

Frequently Asked Questions

Malonic acid is an alpha,-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a malonate(1-).

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.