Morphine
IUPAC: (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,7,7a,13-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol
| Formula / Notation | C17H19NO3 |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 57-27-2 |
| Molecular Weight | 285.34 |
| Melting Point | 255 °C |
| Boiling Point | 190ºC |
| Density | 1.32 at 20 °C/4 °C |
| Solubility | 149 mg/L (at 20 °C) |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Also Known As | (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,7,7a,13-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol; Morphia; Morphium; Morphina; (-)-Morphine; Morphinum; Ospalivina; Morphin; Duromorph; 57-27-2 |
| Category | Organic Compounds |
What is Morphine?
Morphine is a morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy). It has a role as a geroprotector, an opioid analgesic, a vasodilator agent, a xenobiotic, an anaesthetic, a mu-opioid receptor agonist, a plant metabolite, an environmental contaminant and a drug allergen. It is a morphinane alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a morphine(1+). It derives from a hydride of a morphinan.
Formula & Notation
IUPAC Name: (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,7,7a,13-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol
Other Names / Synonyms: (4R,4aR,7S,7aR,12bS)-3-methyl-2,4,4a,7,7a,13-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol; Morphia; Morphium; Morphina; (-)-Morphine; Morphinum; Ospalivina; Morphin; Duromorph; 57-27-2
Properties & Characteristics
Physical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | 255 °C |
| Boiling Point | 190ºC |
| Density | 1.32 at 20 °C/4 °C |
| Molecular Weight | 285.34 |
| Solubility | 149 mg/L (at 20 °C) |
| Appearance | Solid |
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Morphine is a morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy). It has a role as a geroprotector, an opioid analgesic, a vasodilator agent, a xenobiotic, an anaesthetic, a mu-opioid receptor agonist, a plant metabolite, an environmental contaminant and a drug allergen. It is a morphinane alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a morphine(1+). It derives from a hydride of a morphinan.
Used as an industrial feedstock, solvent, pharmaceutical intermediate, flavoring agent, or chemical building block.
Flammable or irritant. Many organic compounds are flammable liquids or vapours. Keep away from ignition sources. Consult SDS for specific hazard data.
The formula or notation for Morphine is: C17H19NO3