M

Mercury

IUPAC: Mercury

Hg Elements CAS 7439-97-6
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationHg
CAS Number7439-97-6
Molecular Weight200.59
Melting Point-38.8
Boiling Point356.7
Density13.53
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceShiny, silvery-white liquid metal at room temperature
Also Known AsHg, hydrargyrum, quicksilver
CategoryElements

What is Mercury?

Mercury is a silvery-white liquid metal at room temperature, atomic number 80. The only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions. Highly toxic - accumulates in the food chain (methylmercury in fish). Previously used widely in thermometers, barometers, and dental amalgam.

Formula & Notation

Hg

IUPAC Name: Mercury

Other Names / Synonyms: Hg, hydrargyrum, quicksilver

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 80. Atomic mass: 200.59 g/mol. Period 6, Group 12. Melting point: -38.8 C. Boiling point: 356.7 C. Density: 13.53 g/cm3 (liquid). Electronegativity: 2.00. Oxidation states: +1, +2. Seven stable isotopes. Only liquid metal at room temperature.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point-38.8
Boiling Point356.7
Density13.53
Molecular Weight200.59
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceShiny, silvery-white liquid metal at room temperature

Uses & Applications

Thermometers and barometers (being phased out). Mercury vapour lamps and fluorescent lights. Dental amalgam (Hg-Ag-Sn-Cu - still used controversially). Electrical switches and relays. Chloralkali process catalyst. Mercury fulminate detonator. Cinnabar (HgS) historical pigment.

Safety Information

Highly toxic - IDLH 10 mg/m3. Mercury vapour: causes neurological damage, tremors, memory loss, kidney damage (mad hatter disease). Methylmercury (CH3Hg+): bioaccumulates in fish - causes Minamata disease (severe neurological damage). Never heat mercury in open. Mercury spills require specialist cleanup.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Mercury
Formula Hg
CAS Number 7439-97-6
Molecular Weight 200.59
Category Elements
Synonyms Hg, hydrargyrum, quicksilver

Frequently Asked Questions

Mercury is a silvery-white liquid metal at room temperature, atomic number 80. The only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions. Highly toxic - accumulates in the food chain (methylmercury in fish). Previously used widely in thermometers, barometers, and dental amalgam.

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