C

Caesium

IUPAC: Caesium

Cs Elements CAS 7440-46-2
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationCs
CAS Number7440-46-2
Molecular Weight132.91
Melting Point28.5
Boiling Point671.0
Density1.93
SolubilityReacts explosively with water
AppearanceSoft, gold-coloured, liquid just above room temperature
Also Known AsCs, cesium, caesium metal
CategoryElements

What is Caesium?

Caesium is a soft, gold-coloured alkali metal, atomic number 55. Has the lowest ionisation energy and electronegativity of any stable element. The caesium atomic clock defines the second (SI). Caesium-133 hyperfine transition = 9,192,631,770 Hz.

Formula & Notation

Cs

IUPAC Name: Caesium

Other Names / Synonyms: Cs, cesium, caesium metal

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 55. Atomic mass: 132.91 g/mol. Period 6, Group 1. Melting point: 28.5 C. Boiling point: 671 C. Density: 1.93 g/cm3. Electronegativity: 0.79 (lowest of stable elements). Oxidation state: +1. One stable isotope: Cs-133.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point28.5
Boiling Point671.0
Density1.93
Molecular Weight132.91
SolubilityReacts explosively with water
AppearanceSoft, gold-coloured, liquid just above room temperature

Uses & Applications

Atomic clocks (primary frequency standard - defines the SI second). Photoelectric cells (low work function). Ion propulsion engines (spacecraft). Drilling fluid additive (CsOH). Cs-137: radiation therapy and industrial gauges.

Safety Information

Reacts explosively with water. Ignites spontaneously in air. Causes severe chemical burns. More reactive than rubidium and potassium. Cs-137 (radioactive): major gamma emitter, significant accident hazard (Goiania 1987 incident). Store under inert gas.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Caesium
Formula Cs
CAS Number 7440-46-2
Molecular Weight 132.91
Category Elements
Synonyms Cs, cesium, caesium metal

Frequently Asked Questions

Caesium is a soft, gold-coloured alkali metal, atomic number 55. Has the lowest ionisation energy and electronegativity of any stable element. The caesium atomic clock defines the second (SI). Caesium-133 hyperfine transition = 9,192,631,770 Hz.

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