B

Bismuth

IUPAC: Bismuth

Bi Elements CAS 7440-69-9
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationBi
CAS Number7440-69-9
Molecular Weight208.98
Melting Point271.5
Boiling Point1564.0
Density9.79
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceBrittle, lustrous, silvery-pink metal; crystals show rainbow iridescence
Also Known AsBi, bismuth metal
CategoryElements

What is Bismuth?

Bismuth is a brittle, silvery-pink post-transition metal, atomic number 83. Has the highest natural diamagnetism of any element. Its crystals form beautiful hopper-shaped formations with rainbow iridescent oxide surface. Relatively non-toxic - used as replacement for lead in many applications.

Formula & Notation

Bi

IUPAC Name: Bismuth

Other Names / Synonyms: Bi, bismuth metal

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 83. Atomic mass: 208.98 g/mol. Period 6, Group 15. Melting point: 271.5 C. Boiling point: 1564 C. Density: 9.79 g/cm3. Electronegativity: 2.02. Oxidation states: +3, +5. Technically radioactive (Bi-209: t1/2 = 1.9x10^19 yr - effectively stable). Highest natural diamagnetic element.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point271.5
Boiling Point1564.0
Density9.79
Molecular Weight208.98
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceBrittle, lustrous, silvery-pink metal; crystals show rainbow iridescence

Uses & Applications

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol - treats diarrhoea, nausea). Low-melting alloys (Bi-In-Sn for fire safety devices, fusible plugs). Lead-free solder replacement. Bismuth oxychloride in cosmetics (pearl lustre). Nuclear reactor coolant (Pb-Bi eutectic). Crystal collecting.

Safety Information

Bismuth metal: low acute toxicity - one of least toxic heavy metals. Bismuth compounds used medicinally. High doses cause neurological symptoms (bismuth encephalopathy - reversible). Generally safe as lead replacement. Bismuth subsalicylate: contains salicylate (aspirin-like) - caution in children.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Bismuth
Formula Bi
CAS Number 7440-69-9
Molecular Weight 208.98
Category Elements
Synonyms Bi, bismuth metal

Frequently Asked Questions

Bismuth is a brittle, silvery-pink post-transition metal, atomic number 83. Has the highest natural diamagnetism of any element. Its crystals form beautiful hopper-shaped formations with rainbow iridescent oxide surface. Relatively non-toxic - used as replacement for lead in many applications.

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