P

Polonium

IUPAC: Polonium

Po Elements CAS 7440-08-6
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationPo
CAS Number7440-08-6
Molecular Weight209.0
Melting Point254.0
Boiling Point962.0
Density9.32
SolubilitySlightly soluble (dissolves in acids)
AppearanceSilvery-grey metalloid; radioactive
Also Known AsPo, polonium element
CategoryElements

What is Polonium?

Polonium is a highly radioactive metalloid, atomic number 84. Discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898 and named after Poland. Polonium-210 is an intense alpha emitter used as neutron initiator in nuclear weapons and in static eliminators. Used in the assassination of Alexander Litvinenko (2006).

Formula & Notation

Po

IUPAC Name: Polonium

Other Names / Synonyms: Po, polonium element

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 84. Atomic mass: (209) g/mol. Period 6, Group 16. Melting point: 254 C. Boiling point: 962 C. Density: 9.32 g/cm3. No stable isotopes. Po-210: t1/2 = 138.4 days (alpha emitter, very intense). Volatile at elevated temperatures. All isotopes radioactive.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point254.0
Boiling Point962.0
Density9.32
Molecular Weight209.0
SolubilitySlightly soluble (dissolves in acids)
AppearanceSilvery-grey metalloid; radioactive

Uses & Applications

Neutron source initiator in nuclear weapons (Po-210 + Be). Static charge eliminators (Po-210 alpha emitter). Nuclear batteries. Calibration source for radiation detectors. Po-210 found in tobacco smoke (from phosphate fertilisers). Scientific research.

Safety Information

Extremely toxic and radiotoxic - Po-210 is one of the most toxic substances known. LD50 (inhalation) estimated ~10 ng/kg. 1 microgram Po-210 delivers lethal radiation dose. Causes acute radiation syndrome and death. Only accessible to state actors for practical amounts. Litvinenko assassination used Po-210 poisoning.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Polonium
Formula Po
CAS Number 7440-08-6
Molecular Weight 209.0
Category Elements
Synonyms Po, polonium element

Frequently Asked Questions

Polonium is a highly radioactive metalloid, atomic number 84. Discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898 and named after Poland. Polonium-210 is an intense alpha emitter used as neutron initiator in nuclear weapons and in static eliminators. Used in the assassination of Alexander Litvinenko (2006).

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