B

Band

E_g (band gap energy in eV)
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationE_g (band gap energy in eV)
Also Known AsEnergy band; electronic band; conduction band; valence band; Bloch band

What is Band?

In solid-state physics and chemistry, a band refers to a range of allowed energy states that electrons can occupy in a solid material, formed by the overlap of many atomic orbitals. The most important bands are the valence band (filled with bonding electrons) and the conduction band (where electrons move freely to conduct electricity). The gap between them is the band gap (E_g).

Formula & Notation

E_g (band gap energy in eV)

Other Names / Synonyms: Energy band; electronic band; conduction band; valence band; Bloch band

Properties & Characteristics

Valence band: highest occupied band (HOMO band); conduction band: lowest unoccupied band (LUMO band); band gap E_g: metals (0 eV), semiconductors (0.1–3 eV), insulators (>3 eV); arises from periodic potential of crystal lattice; described by Bloch's theorem

Uses & Applications

Electronics (transistors, diodes, LEDs, solar cells); materials selection for electrical applications; photovoltaic device design; semiconductor doping; understanding metallic conductivity and optical properties

Safety Information

No hazard — a theoretical concept in solid-state physics.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Band
Formula E_g (band gap energy in eV)
Synonyms Energy band; electronic band; conduction band; valence band; Bloch band

Frequently Asked Questions

In solid-state physics and chemistry, a band refers to a range of allowed energy states that electrons can occupy in a solid material, formed by the overlap of many atomic orbitals. The most important bands are the valence band (filled with bonding electrons) and the conduction band (where electrons move freely to conduct electricity). The gap between them is the band gap (E_g).

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