N

Niobium

IUPAC: Niobium

Nb Elements CAS 7440-03-1
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationNb
CAS Number7440-03-1
Molecular Weight92.91
Melting Point2477.0
Boiling Point4744.0
Density8.57
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceSoft, grey, ductile, lustrous metal
Also Known AsNb, columbium, niobium metal
CategoryElements

What is Niobium?

Niobium is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, atomic number 41. Also called columbium in North America. Most important use is in steel alloys for pipelines and structural steel. Superconducting niobium compounds are used in MRI magnets.

Formula & Notation

Nb

IUPAC Name: Niobium

Other Names / Synonyms: Nb, columbium, niobium metal

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 41. Atomic mass: 92.906 g/mol. Period 5, Group 5. Melting point: 2477 C. Boiling point: 4744 C. Density: 8.57 g/cm3. Electronegativity: 1.60. Oxidation states: +3, +5. One stable isotope: Nb-93. Superconductor below 9.3 K (Nb3Sn: 18.3 K).

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point2477.0
Boiling Point4744.0
Density8.57
Molecular Weight92.91
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceSoft, grey, ductile, lustrous metal

Uses & Applications

High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel for pipelines and construction. Superconducting alloys (Nb-Ti, Nb3Sn) for MRI magnets and particle accelerators. Capacitors (Nb2O5). Aerospace superalloys. Optical glass. Niobium coins.

Safety Information

Niobium metal: low acute toxicity. Niobium dust: moderate respiratory irritant. Niobium compounds: low toxicity. Handle metal dust with standard precautions. No significant environmental concerns at normal exposures.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Niobium
Formula Nb
CAS Number 7440-03-1
Molecular Weight 92.91
Category Elements
Synonyms Nb, columbium, niobium metal

Frequently Asked Questions

Niobium is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, atomic number 41. Also called columbium in North America. Most important use is in steel alloys for pipelines and structural steel. Superconducting niobium compounds are used in MRI magnets.

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