S

Sodium

IUPAC: Sodium

Na Elements CAS 7440-23-5
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationNa
CAS Number7440-23-5
Molecular Weight22.99
Melting Point97.8
Boiling Point883.0
Density0.97
SolubilityReacts vigorously with water
AppearanceSoft, silvery-white metal; rapidly tarnishes in air
Also Known AsNa, natrium, sodium metal
CategoryElements

What is Sodium?

Sodium is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal, atomic number 11. Highly reactive with water. Essential for life - regulates fluid balance and nerve impulses. Sixth most abundant element in Earth crust.

Formula & Notation

Na

IUPAC Name: Sodium

Other Names / Synonyms: Na, natrium, sodium metal

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 11. Atomic mass: 22.990 g/mol. Period 3, Group 1. Melting point: 97.8 C. Boiling point: 883 C. Density: 0.97 g/cm3. Electronegativity: 0.93. Always +1 oxidation state. Yellow flame test. One stable isotope: Na-23.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point97.8
Boiling Point883.0
Density0.97
Molecular Weight22.99
SolubilityReacts vigorously with water
AppearanceSoft, silvery-white metal; rapidly tarnishes in air

Uses & Applications

NaOH production (chloralkali process). Table salt (NaCl). Reducing agent in organic synthesis. Nuclear reactor coolant (liquid Na). Sodium vapour street lighting. Soda ash (Na2CO3) for glass. Biological electrolyte.

Safety Information

Reacts violently with water: 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2 (fire/explosion). Ignites spontaneously in moist air. Store under mineral oil or inert gas. Causes severe burns on contact with skin/moisture.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Sodium
Formula Na
CAS Number 7440-23-5
Molecular Weight 22.99
Category Elements
Synonyms Na, natrium, sodium metal

Frequently Asked Questions

Sodium is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal, atomic number 11. Highly reactive with water. Essential for life - regulates fluid balance and nerve impulses. Sixth most abundant element in Earth crust.

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