M

Metal

Quick Reference
Also Known AsMetallic element, metal element, elemental metal

What is Metal?

A metal is a material (element, compound, or alloy) that typically exhibits high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, metallic luster, malleability, ductility, and the ability to form positive ions (cations). About 80% of all chemical elements are metals. Metallic bonding involves a "sea of electrons" delocalised through a lattice of positive metal ions. Metals are found in Groups 1, 2, and 3–12 (transition metals) plus many in groups 13–16.

Properties & Characteristics

High electrical conductivity (Cu: 6×10⁷ S/m). High thermal conductivity. Metallic luster (reflects light). Malleable and ductile. Form cations in chemical reactions. Positive temperature coefficient of resistance (resistance increases with temperature). High density (generally). Metal ion forms basic oxides.

Uses & Applications

Construction (iron/steel, aluminum). Electrical wiring (copper, aluminum). Jewelry (gold, silver, platinum). Electronics (silicon, germanium, copper, gold). Coinage (gold, silver, copper). Catalysis (Ni, Pd, Pt). Medical implants (titanium, stainless steel). Batteries (Li, Zn, Pb, Ni).

Safety Information

Toxic heavy metals: Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Tl, Be (severe health hazards). Reactive metals: alkali metals react violently with water. Metal dusts: fire/explosion risk. Metal fumes from welding: metal fume fever (Zn), carcinogens (Ni, Cr(VI), Cd). Individual metal safety varies enormously.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Metal
Synonyms Metallic element, metal element, elemental metal

Frequently Asked Questions

A metal is a material (element, compound, or alloy) that typically exhibits high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, metallic luster, malleability, ductility, and the ability to form positive ions (cations). About 80% of all chemical elements are metals. Metallic bonding involves a "sea of electrons" delocalised through a lattice of positive metal ions. Metals are found in Groups 1, 2, and 3–12 (transition metals) plus many in groups 13–16.

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