Hydrogenation
| Formula / Notation | C=C + H₂ → C–C |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Catalytic hydrogenation, reduction by hydrogen, catalytic reduction, hydration of double bond |
What is Hydrogenation?
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction in which hydrogen gas (H₂) is added across an unsaturated bond (C=C, C≡C, C=O, C≡N) in the presence of a catalyst. It is used extensively to convert unsaturated fats to saturated fats, to produce ammonia (indirectly), and in petroleum refining. Catalytic hydrogenation typically uses nickel, palladium, or platinum catalysts.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Catalytic hydrogenation, reduction by hydrogen, catalytic reduction, hydration of double bond
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction in which hydrogen gas (H₂) is added across an unsaturated bond (C=C, C≡C, C=O, C≡N) in the presence of a catalyst. It is used extensively to convert unsaturated fats to saturated fats, to produce ammonia (indirectly), and in petroleum refining. Catalytic hydrogenation typically uses nickel, palladium, or platinum catalysts.
Food industry (vegetable oil hardening for margarine and shortening). Petroleum refining (removing sulfur, saturation of aromatics). Pharmaceutical synthesis (reducing functional groups). Plastics and polymers (cyclohexane from benzene). Fischer-Tropsch process (syngas to fuels). Fine chemical synth…
Highly flammable H₂ under pressure — explosion risk. Pyrophoric catalysts (Raney Ni, Pd/C dry) — ignite spontaneously in air. High-pressure reactors — mechanical hazards. Hydrogen embrittlement of reactor vessels. Partially hydrogenated oils produce trans fats — health concerns. Keep catalyst moist …
The formula or notation for Hydrogenation is: C=C + H₂ → C–C