Hydrate
| Also Known As | Crystalline hydrate, water of crystallization, hydrated salt, salt hydrate |
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What is Hydrate?
A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules either loosely bound within its crystal structure (crystalline hydrate or water of crystallization) or chemically bonded to the central compound. In inorganic chemistry, hydrates are crystalline salts containing a specific number of water molecules per formula unit. The water can usually be removed by heating to give the anhydrous form.
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules either loosely bound within its crystal structure (crystalline hydrate or water of crystallization) or chemically bonded to the central compound. In inorganic chemistry, hydrates are crystalline salts containing a specific number of water molecules per formula unit. The water can usually be removed by heating to give the anhydrous form.
Desiccants in anhydrous form (CaCl₂, CuSO₄ — indicator of moisture). Gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) in construction. Epsom salt (MgSO₄·7H₂O) in medicine. Borax (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O) as cleaner. Cement hydration. Gas hydrates (clathrate hydrates) in energy storage and deep-sea environments.
Safety depends on specific compound. Anhydrous salts can absorb moisture vigorously — may cause burns (CaCl₂). Some hydrated metal salts are irritants or allergens. Gas hydrates (methane hydrate) are flammable. Handle copper sulfate hydrate with care — toxic to aquatic organisms.