D

Degenerate

Degenerate orbitals: same energy level; e.g., 2px = 2py = 2pz
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationDegenerate orbitals: same energy level; e.g., 2px = 2py = 2pz
Also Known AsDegenerate orbitals; degenerate energy levels; energetically equivalent states; degeneracy (quantum mechanics)

What is Degenerate?

In chemistry and quantum mechanics, degenerate refers to two or more quantum states (orbitals, energy levels) that have the same energy. For example, the three 2p orbitals (2px, 2py, 2pz) are degenerate in an isolated atom — they have the same energy. Degeneracy is lifted when the symmetry is broken (e.g., in a crystal field or magnetic field), leading to energy level splitting.

Formula & Notation

Degenerate orbitals: same energy level; e.g., 2px = 2py = 2pz

Other Names / Synonyms: Degenerate orbitals; degenerate energy levels; energetically equivalent states; degeneracy (quantum mechanics)

Properties & Characteristics

Multiple states with identical energy; degeneracy lifted by external fields, asymmetric environments, or symmetry breaking; p-subshell: 3-fold degenerate; d-subshell: 5-fold degenerate; f-subshell: 7-fold degenerate; crystal field splitting removes d-orbital degeneracy in complexes; Jahn-Teller effect

Uses & Applications

Understanding electron configurations and Hund's rule; crystal field theory and spectroscopy of transition metal complexes; quantum mechanics; NMR spectroscopy (chemically equivalent nuclei are "equivalent"); magnetic resonance theory

Safety Information

No hazard — a theoretical chemistry concept.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Degenerate
Formula Degenerate orbitals: same energy level; e.g., 2px = 2py = 2pz
Synonyms Degenerate orbitals; degenerate energy levels; energetically equivalent states; degeneracy (quantum mechanics)

Frequently Asked Questions

In chemistry and quantum mechanics, degenerate refers to two or more quantum states (orbitals, energy levels) that have the same energy. For example, the three 2p orbitals (2px, 2py, 2pz) are degenerate in an isolated atom — they have the same energy. Degeneracy is lifted when the symmetry is broken (e.g., in a crystal field or magnetic field), leading to energy level splitting.

More "D" Terms

View all "D" terms →
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z