C

Cadmium

IUPAC: Cadmium

Cd Elements CAS 7440-43-9
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationCd
CAS Number7440-43-9
Molecular Weight112.41
Melting Point321.1
Boiling Point767.0
Density8.65
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceSoft, silvery-white metal with blue tinge
Also Known AsCd, cadmium metal
CategoryElements

What is Cadmium?

Cadmium is a soft, silvery-white transition metal, atomic number 48. Highly toxic heavy metal and carcinogen. Mainly occurs as a by-product of zinc smelting. Historically used in nickel-cadmium batteries and as a corrosion-resistant coating, now restricted due to toxicity.

Formula & Notation

Cd

IUPAC Name: Cadmium

Other Names / Synonyms: Cd, cadmium metal

Properties & Characteristics

Atomic number: 48. Atomic mass: 112.41 g/mol. Period 5, Group 12. Melting point: 321.1 C. Boiling point: 767 C. Density: 8.65 g/cm3. Electronegativity: 1.69. Oxidation state: +2. Eight stable isotopes. Highly toxic to kidneys and bones.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point321.1
Boiling Point767.0
Density8.65
Molecular Weight112.41
SolubilityInsoluble in water
AppearanceSoft, silvery-white metal with blue tinge

Uses & Applications

Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) rechargeable batteries (being phased out). Cadmium pigments (CdS yellow, CdSe red). Cadmium plating for corrosion resistance (restricted). Neutron absorber in nuclear reactors (Cd-113). Stabiliser in PVC (being replaced).

Safety Information

Highly toxic carcinogen (IARC Group 1): causes lung, kidney, and prostate cancer. Itai-itai disease: cadmium poisoning from contaminated rice. Kidney (tubular) damage from chronic exposure. OSHA PEL: 0.005 mg/m3. Cadmium oxide fumes: chemical pneumonitis. Restricted under RoHS directive.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Cadmium
Formula Cd
CAS Number 7440-43-9
Molecular Weight 112.41
Category Elements
Synonyms Cd, cadmium metal

Frequently Asked Questions

Cadmium is a soft, silvery-white transition metal, atomic number 48. Highly toxic heavy metal and carcinogen. Mainly occurs as a by-product of zinc smelting. Historically used in nickel-cadmium batteries and as a corrosion-resistant coating, now restricted due to toxicity.

More "C" Terms

View all "C" terms →
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z