B

Butyric acid

IUPAC: butanoic acid

C4H8O2 Acids CAS 107-92-6
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Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC4H8O2
CAS Number107-92-6
Molecular Weight88.11
Melting Point17.8 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point326.3 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.958 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceButyric acid appears as a colorless liquid with a penetrating and unpleasant odor. Flash point 170 °F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 8.0 lb /gal.
Also Known Asbutanoic acid; 107-92-6; n-Butyric acid; n-Butanoic acid; propylformic acid; ethylacetic acid; 1-propanecarboxylic acid; Butanic acid; 1-Butyric acid; Buttersaeure
CategoryAcids

What is Butyric acid?

Butyric acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. It has a role as a Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite and a human urinary metabolite. It is a fatty acid 4:0 and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a butyrate.

Formula & Notation

C4H8O2

IUPAC Name: butanoic acid

Other Names / Synonyms: butanoic acid; 107-92-6; n-Butyric acid; n-Butanoic acid; propylformic acid; ethylacetic acid; 1-propanecarboxylic acid; Butanic acid; 1-Butyric acid; Buttersaeure

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: Butyric acid appears as a colorless liquid with a penetrating and unpleasant odor. Flash point 170 °F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 8.0 lb /gal.. Molecular formula: C4H8O2. Molecular weight: 88.11 g/mol. Boiling point: 326.3 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992). Melting point: 17.8 °F (NTP, 1992). Density: 0.958 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float. Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992). Vapor pressure: 0.43 mmHg at 68 °F ; 1.4 mmHg at 86 °F (NTP, 1992). LogP: 0.8.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point17.8 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point326.3 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.958 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Molecular Weight88.11
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceButyric acid appears as a colorless liquid with a penetrating and unpleasant odor. Flash point 170 °F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 8.0 lb /gal.

Uses & Applications

Used in industrial chemical synthesis, fertilizer production, battery electrolytes, metal processing, and laboratory acid-base reactions.

Safety Information

Corrosive. Causes severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Wear appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, and lab coat. Consult SDS before use.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Butyric acid
Formula C4H8O2
CAS Number 107-92-6
Molecular Weight 88.11
Category Acids
Synonyms butanoic acid; 107-92-6; n-Butyric acid; n-Butanoic acid; propylformic acid; ethylacetic acid; 1-propanecarboxylic acid; Butanic acid; 1-Butyric acid; Buttersaeure

Frequently Asked Questions

Butyric acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. It has a role as a Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite and a human urinary metabolite. It is a fatty acid 4:0 and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a butyrate.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.