A

Acetonitrile

IUPAC: acetonitrile

C2H3N Organic Compounds CAS 75-05-8
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Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC2H3N
CAS Number75-05-8
Molecular Weight41.05
Melting Point-49 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point178.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.787 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72.5 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceAcetonitrile appears as a colorless limpid liquid with an aromatic odor. Flash point 42 °F. Density 0.783 g / cm3. Toxic by skin absorption. Less dense than water. Vapors are denser than air.
Also Known As75-05-8; Methyl cyanide; Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile; Ethyl nitrile; Methane, cyano-; Methanecarbonitrile; Acetonitril; Cyanure de methyl; Methylkyanid
CategoryOrganic Compounds

What is Acetonitrile?

Acetonitrile is a nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent and an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor. It is a volatile organic compound and an aliphatic nitrile.

Formula & Notation

C2H3N

IUPAC Name: acetonitrile

Other Names / Synonyms: 75-05-8; Methyl cyanide; Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile; Ethyl nitrile; Methane, cyano-; Methanecarbonitrile; Acetonitril; Cyanure de methyl; Methylkyanid

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: Acetonitrile appears as a colorless limpid liquid with an aromatic odor. Flash point 42 °F. Density 0.783 g / cm3. Toxic by skin absorption. Less dense than water. Vapors are denser than air.. Molecular formula: C2H3N. Molecular weight: 41.05 g/mol. Boiling point: 178.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992). Melting point: -49 °F (NTP, 1992). Density: 0.787 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float. Solubility: greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72.5 °F (NTP, 1992). Vapor pressure: 73 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992). LogP: 0.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point-49 °F (NTP, 1992)
Boiling Point178.9 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)
Density0.787 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float
Molecular Weight41.05
Solubilitygreater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72.5 °F (NTP, 1992)
AppearanceAcetonitrile appears as a colorless limpid liquid with an aromatic odor. Flash point 42 °F. Density 0.783 g / cm3. Toxic by skin absorption. Less dense than water. Vapors are denser than air.

Uses & Applications

Used as an industrial feedstock, solvent, pharmaceutical intermediate, flavoring agent, or chemical building block.

Safety Information

Flammable or irritant. Many organic compounds are flammable liquids or vapours. Keep away from ignition sources. Consult SDS for specific hazard data.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Acetonitrile
Formula C2H3N
CAS Number 75-05-8
Molecular Weight 41.05
Synonyms 75-05-8; Methyl cyanide; Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile; Ethyl nitrile; Methane, cyano-; Methanecarbonitrile; Acetonitril; Cyanure de methyl; Methylkyanid

Frequently Asked Questions

Acetonitrile is a nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent and an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor. It is a volatile organic compound and an aliphatic nitrile.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.