AllChemicals — The Online Chemical Glossary | https://allchemicals.info/chemical/570-mass-spectrometry
Expert Written
|
Fact Checked
|
Sources Cited
|
AllChemicals Editorial Team
Quick Reference
Also Known As
Mass spec, MS, m/z analysis, spectrometry
What is Mass Spectrometry?
An analytical technique that separates ions by mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) to determine molecular masses and structural information. The sample is ionized, accelerated, and deflected by a magnetic field. The resulting mass spectrum provides molecular weight and fragmentation pattern information.
Properties & Characteristics
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of ions to determine molecular masses, molecular formulas (from high-resolution MS), and structural information (from fragmentation patterns). Ionisation methods include EI (electron ionisation), ESI (electrospray, for proteins), MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption, for large biomolecules), and CI (chemical ionisation). Resolution determines whether isotope peaks or adjacent masses can be separated.
Uses & Applications
MS is used in: molecular formula determination (high-resolution MS gives exact mass), structure elucidation (MS/MS fragmentation), proteomics (protein identification from peptide masses), metabolomics, environmental analysis (GC-MS or LC-MS for trace organics), pharmaceutical quality control (identity and purity), forensics, and isotope ratio measurement (IRMS).
Safety Information
Mass spectrometers use high voltages (EI source at 70 eV electron beam, ESI at kV), high vacuum (turbomolecular pumps), and in some cases volatile or reactive solvents (for ESI). Proper electrical interlocks, grounding, and ventilation of solvent vapours are necessary.
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
An analytical technique that separates ions by mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) to determine molecular masses and structural information. The sample is ionized, accelerated, and deflected by a magnetic field. The resulting mass spectrum provides molecular weight and fragmentation pattern information.
MS is used in: molecular formula determination (high-resolution MS gives exact mass), structure elucidation (MS/MS fragmentation), proteomics (protein identification from peptide masses), metabolomics, environmental analysis (GC-MS or LC-MS for trace organics), pharmaceutical quality control (identi…
Mass spectrometers use high voltages (EI source at 70 eV electron beam, ESI at kV), high vacuum (turbomolecular pumps), and in some cases volatile or reactive solvents (for ESI). Proper electrical interlocks, grounding, and ventilation of solvent vapours are necessary.
Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature,
CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA,
and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified
professionals before handling chemicals.
