P

Polyvinyl chloride

IUPAC: poly(vinyl chloride)

(C2H3Cl)n Polymers & Plastics CAS 9002-86-2
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Quick Reference
Formula / Notation(C2H3Cl)n
CAS Number9002-86-2
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
Melting Point100–260 °C
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density1.35–1.45 g/cm³
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearancewhite powder or granules
Also Known AsPVC; vinyl; chloropolyethylene
CategoryPolymers & Plastics

What is Polyvinyl chloride?

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the world's third most widely produced synthetic polymer. It is made from vinyl chloride monomers (–CH₂–CHCl–)n by addition polymerisation. PVC is inherently rigid but is commonly plasticised with phthalates or other plasticisers to produce flexible PVC. It has excellent chemical resistance and flame-retardant properties due to its chlorine content, making it suitable for a wide range of construction, medical, and electrical applications.

Formula & Notation

(C2H3Cl)n

IUPAC Name: poly(vinyl chloride)

Other Names / Synonyms: PVC; vinyl; chloropolyethylene

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: white powder or granules (rigid PVC); flexible when plasticised. Molecular formula: (C2H3Cl)n. Density: 1.35–1.45 g/cm³. Glass transition temperature (Tg): 81 °C. Melting point: 100–260 °C. Solubility: insoluble in water; swells in aromatic and chlorinated solvents.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point100–260 °C
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density1.35–1.45 g/cm³
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearancewhite powder or granules

Uses & Applications

Pipes and plumbing fittings. Electrical cable insulation. Window frames and profiles. Flooring and wall coverings. Medical tubing and blood bags. Signage and packaging.

Safety Information

Releases hydrogen chloride (HCl) and dioxins when burned. Plasticisers (especially phthalates) may be endocrine disruptors. Handle processing fumes with adequate ventilation. Consult SDS before use.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Polyvinyl chloride
Formula (C2H3Cl)n
CAS Number 9002-86-2
Molecular Weight Variable (polymer)
Synonyms PVC; vinyl; chloropolyethylene

Frequently Asked Questions

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the world's third most widely produced synthetic polymer. It is made from vinyl chloride monomers (–CH₂–CHCl–)n by addition polymerisation. PVC is inherently rigid but is commonly plasticised with phthalates or other plasticisers to produce flexible PVC. It has excellent chemical resistance and flame-retardant properties due to its chlorine content, making it suitable for a wide range of construction, medical, and electrical applications.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.