P

Polyethylene

IUPAC: poly(ethylene)

(C2H4)n Polymers & Plastics CAS 9002-88-4
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Quick Reference
Formula / Notation(C2H4)n
CAS Number9002-88-4
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
Melting Point120–140 °C (LDPE); 130–137 °C (HDPE)
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density0.910–0.965 g/cm³
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearancewhite to translucent solid
Also Known AsPE; polythene; polyethene; HDPE; LDPE; LLDPE
CategoryPolymers & Plastics

What is Polyethylene?

Polyethylene (PE) is the world's most widely produced synthetic plastic. It consists of long chains of ethylene monomers (–CH₂–CH₂–)n and is produced by addition polymerisation. It exists in several forms including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), each with different physical properties determined by chain branching and crystallinity.

Formula & Notation

(C2H4)n

IUPAC Name: poly(ethylene)

Other Names / Synonyms: PE; polythene; polyethene; HDPE; LDPE; LLDPE

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: white to translucent solid (film, powder, or pellets). Molecular formula: (C2H4)n (repeating unit). Melting point: 120–140 °C (LDPE), 130–137 °C (HDPE). Density: 0.910–0.940 g/cm³ (LDPE), 0.941–0.965 g/cm³ (HDPE). Solubility: insoluble in water; resistant to most solvents at room temperature.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point120–140 °C (LDPE); 130–137 °C (HDPE)
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density0.910–0.965 g/cm³
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearancewhite to translucent solid

Uses & Applications

Packaging films, bags, and containers. Plastic bottles and caps. Pipes and fittings. Cable insulation. Geomembranes. Toys and household goods. Medical devices and implants.

Safety Information

Generally considered non-toxic and chemically inert in solid form. Can release fumes when processed at high temperatures. Not biodegradable. Some forms may contain additives. Consult SDS for specific formulations before industrial processing.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Polyethylene
Formula (C2H4)n
CAS Number 9002-88-4
Molecular Weight Variable (polymer)
Synonyms PE; polythene; polyethene; HDPE; LDPE; LLDPE

Frequently Asked Questions

Polyethylene (PE) is the world's most widely produced synthetic plastic. It consists of long chains of ethylene monomers (–CH₂–CH₂–)n and is produced by addition polymerisation. It exists in several forms including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), each with different physical properties determined by chain branching and crystallinity.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.