P

Polylactic acid

IUPAC: poly(lactic acid)

(C3H4O2)n Polymers & Plastics CAS 26100-51-6
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Quick Reference
Formula / Notation(C3H4O2)n
CAS Number26100-51-6
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
Melting Point130–180 °C
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density1.21–1.25 g/cm³
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearanceclear to white solid
Also Known AsPLA; polylactide; bioplastic
CategoryPolymers & Plastics

What is Polylactic acid?

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and bioactive thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources such as corn starch and sugarcane. It is produced by ring-opening polymerisation of lactide or by condensation polymerisation of lactic acid. PLA is one of the most commercially important bioplastics — it combines good mechanical properties (comparable to PET) with biodegradability under industrial composting conditions. It has become the material of choice for 3D printing filaments (FDM/FFF process).

Formula & Notation

(C3H4O2)n

IUPAC Name: poly(lactic acid)

Other Names / Synonyms: PLA; polylactide; bioplastic

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: clear to white solid. Molecular formula: (C3H4O2)n. Melting point: 130–180 °C (depending on D/L ratio). Glass transition temperature (Tg): 55–60 °C. Density: 1.21–1.25 g/cm³. Tensile strength: 50–70 MPa. Solubility: insoluble in water; soluble in chlorinated solvents and THF.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point130–180 °C
Boiling PointDecomposes
Density1.21–1.25 g/cm³
Molecular WeightVariable (polymer)
SolubilityInsoluble in water
Appearanceclear to white solid

Uses & Applications

3D printing filament (one of most common FDM materials). Biodegradable packaging and disposable tableware. Surgical sutures and implants (bioabsorbable). Drug delivery systems. Agricultural mulch films.

Safety Information

Non-toxic and biodegradable under industrial composting conditions (not home compost or marine environments). Low smoke toxicity when burned. FDA-approved for food contact. Consult SDS for specific grades and additives.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Polylactic acid
Formula (C3H4O2)n
CAS Number 26100-51-6
Molecular Weight Variable (polymer)
Synonyms PLA; polylactide; bioplastic

Frequently Asked Questions

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and bioactive thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources such as corn starch and sugarcane. It is produced by ring-opening polymerisation of lactide or by condensation polymerisation of lactic acid. PLA is one of the most commercially important bioplastics — it combines good mechanical properties (comparable to PET) with biodegradability under industrial composting conditions. It has become the material of choice for 3D printing filaments (FDM/FFF process).

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.