Base
| Formula / Notation | BOH → B⁺ + OH⁻ (Arrhenius); B + H⁺ → BH⁺ (Brønsted) |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Alkali; basic substance; Lewis base; Brønsted–Lowry base; Arrhenius base; nucleophile (Lewis sense) |
What is Base?
A base is a substance that accepts protons from acids (Brønsted–Lowry definition), donates electron pairs (Lewis definition), or produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution (Arrhenius definition). Bases have pH > 7 in aqueous solution, taste bitter, feel slippery, turn red litmus blue, and react with acids in neutralisation reactions to form salts and water.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Alkali; basic substance; Lewis base; Brønsted–Lowry base; Arrhenius base; nucleophile (Lewis sense)
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A base is a substance that accepts protons from acids (Brønsted–Lowry definition), donates electron pairs (Lewis definition), or produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution (Arrhenius definition). Bases have pH > 7 in aqueous solution, taste bitter, feel slippery, turn red litmus blue, and react with acids in neutralisation reactions to form salts and water.
Soap and detergent manufacture; industrial cleaning agents (caustic soda, lye); food processing (baking soda); paper production; aluminium refining (Bayer process); chemical synthesis; pH adjustment; neutralising acid spills
Strong bases are corrosive — NaOH and KOH cause severe chemical burns to skin and eyes ("saponifies" fats in skin). More insidious than acid burns because no immediate pain sensation. Always wear gloves and goggles. In case of contact, flush with large amounts of water immediately.
The formula or notation for Base is: BOH → B⁺ + OH⁻ (Arrhenius); B + H⁺ → BH⁺ (Brønsted)