A

Ammonia

IUPAC: azane

NH3 Bases & Alkalis CAS 7664-41-7
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Quick Reference
Formula / NotationNH3
CAS Number7664-41-7
Molecular Weight17.031
Melting Point-107.9 °F (EPA, 1998)
Boiling Point-28.03 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)
Density0.6818 at -28.03 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float
Solubility34 % (NIOSH, 2024)
AppearanceAmmonia solutions (containing more than 35% but not more than 50% ammonia) appears as a clear colorless liquid consisting of ammonia dissolved in water. Corrosive to tissue and metals. Although amm...
Also Known Asazane; 7664-41-7; Ammonia gas; Nitro-sil; Ammonia anhydrous; Ammonia, anhydrous; Anhydrous ammonia; Ammoniak; Liquid Ammonia; AM-Fol
CategoryBases & Alkalis

What is Ammonia?

Ammonia is an azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms. It has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound, a metabolite, a neurotoxin, a nucleophilic reagent, a mouse metabolite, an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor and a refrigerant. It is a gas molecular entity, an azane and a mononuclear parent hydride. It is a conjugate base of an ammonium. It is a conjugate acid of an azanide.

Formula & Notation

NH3

IUPAC Name: azane

Other Names / Synonyms: azane; 7664-41-7; Ammonia gas; Nitro-sil; Ammonia anhydrous; Ammonia, anhydrous; Anhydrous ammonia; Ammoniak; Liquid Ammonia; AM-Fol

Properties & Characteristics

Appearance: Ammonia solutions (containing more than 35% but not more than 50% ammonia) appears as a clear colorless liquid consisting of ammonia dissolved in water. Corrosive to tissue and metals. Although amm.... Molecular formula: H3N. Molecular weight: 17.031 g/mol. Boiling point: -28.03 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998). Melting point: -107.9 °F (EPA, 1998). Density: 0.6818 at -28.03 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float. Solubility: 34 % (NIOSH, 2024). Vapor pressure: 400 mmHg at -49.72 °F (EPA, 1998). LogP: -0.7.

Physical Data

PropertyValue
Melting Point-107.9 °F (EPA, 1998)
Boiling Point-28.03 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)
Density0.6818 at -28.03 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float
Molecular Weight17.031
Solubility34 % (NIOSH, 2024)
AppearanceAmmonia solutions (containing more than 35% but not more than 50% ammonia) appears as a clear colorless liquid consisting of ammonia dissolved in water. Corrosive to tissue and metals. Although amm...

Uses & Applications

Used in chemical manufacturing, pH adjustment, saponification, water treatment, and as a laboratory reagent.

Safety Information

Corrosive or irritant. Causes burns to skin and eyes. Store away from acids. Wear protective gloves and goggles. Consult SDS before use.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Ammonia
Formula NH3
CAS Number 7664-41-7
Molecular Weight 17.031
Category Bases & Alkalis
Synonyms azane; 7664-41-7; Ammonia gas; Nitro-sil; Ammonia anhydrous; Ammonia, anhydrous; Anhydrous ammonia; Ammoniak; Liquid Ammonia; AM-Fol

Frequently Asked Questions

Ammonia is an azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms. It has a role as a NMR chemical shift reference compound, a metabolite, a neurotoxin, a nucleophilic reagent, a mouse metabolite, an EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor and a refrigerant. It is a gas molecular entity, an azane and a mononuclear parent hydride. It is a conjugate base of an ammonium. It is a conjugate acid of an azanide.

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Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature, CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA, and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified professionals before handling chemicals.