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Xylose

C₅H₁₀O₅
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC₅H₁₀O₅
Also Known AsD-xylose anomer, xylopyranose, pentose sugar

What is Xylose?

A wood sugar, an aldopentose monosaccharide, obtained by hydrolysis of xylan (a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls). Xylose is a building block of hemicellulose in wood and straw. It is used in food technology, in medicine as a diagnostic agent, and in producing xylitol.

Formula & Notation

C₅H₁₀O₅

Other Names / Synonyms: D-xylose anomer, xylopyranose, pentose sugar

Properties & Characteristics

Xylose exists in solution as a mixture of anomers (α and β forms) in equilibrium with the open-chain form (mutarotation). The β-D-xylopyranose form is the predominant cyclic form. Xylose is less sweet than sucrose (about 40% as sweet). It is the second most abundant sugar in lignocellulosic biomass after glucose.

Uses & Applications

Xylose from agricultural residues is a key feedstock in biorefineries for producing fuels and chemicals by fermentation. Xylose isomerase converts xylose to xylulose in metabolic pathways. Xylooligosaccharides derived from xylose are studied as prebiotics for gut health.

Safety Information

Xylose in food-grade applications has an excellent safety profile. Industrial hydrolysis processes producing xylose use dilute acids or enzymes that require standard chemical safety practices.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Xylose
Formula C₅H₁₀O₅
Synonyms D-xylose anomer, xylopyranose, pentose sugar

Frequently Asked Questions

A wood sugar, an aldopentose monosaccharide, obtained by hydrolysis of xylan (a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls). Xylose is a building block of hemicellulose in wood and straw. It is used in food technology, in medicine as a diagnostic agent, and in producing xylitol.

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