X

Xylene

C₈H₁₀
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationC₈H₁₀
Also Known AsDimethylbenzene, xylol, mixed xylenes, ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene

What is Xylene?

Any of three isomers of dimethylbenzene (ortho, meta, and para-xylene), with molecular formula C₈H₁₀ or (CH₃)₂C₆H₄. Xylenes are aromatic hydrocarbons used as industrial solvents and chemical intermediates. Para-xylene is used to produce terephthalic acid for PET plastic.

Formula & Notation

C₈H₁₀

Other Names / Synonyms: Dimethylbenzene, xylol, mixed xylenes, ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene

Properties & Characteristics

Xylene is a dimethylbenzene with the molecular formula C₈H₁₀, existing as three structural isomers: ortho (1,2-dimethylbenzene), meta (1,3-dimethylbenzene), and para (1,4-dimethylbenzene). They are clear, colourless flammable liquids with a sweet aromatic odour. They are miscible with organic solvents but not water. Para-xylene is the most commercially important isomer.

Uses & Applications

Para-xylene is oxidised to produce terephthalic acid used to make polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic and polyester fibres. Xylene is used as a solvent in paints, lacquers, adhesives, and in histology laboratories. It is a starting material for dyes and pharmaceuticals.

Safety Information

Xylene is flammable and its vapours are toxic, causing central nervous system depression, headache, and dizziness. Prolonged exposure can affect the liver and kidneys. It requires proper ventilation, respiratory protection, and is a listed hazardous substance.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Xylene
Formula C₈H₁₀
Synonyms Dimethylbenzene, xylol, mixed xylenes, ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene

Frequently Asked Questions

Any of three isomers of dimethylbenzene (ortho, meta, and para-xylene), with molecular formula C₈H₁₀ or (CH₃)₂C₆H₄. Xylenes are aromatic hydrocarbons used as industrial solvents and chemical intermediates. Para-xylene is used to produce terephthalic acid for PET plastic.

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