Van der Waals Equation
| Formula / Notation | (P + a/V²)(V - b) = nRT; a, b = van der Waals constants |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Van der Waals gas law, real gas equation, modified ideal gas law |
What is Van der Waals Equation?
An equation of state for real gases that modifies the ideal gas law to account for intermolecular attractions and finite molecular volume: (P + an²/V²)(V - nb) = nRT. The constants a and b are specific to each gas. It gives better predictions for non-ideal gas behavior than PV = nRT.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Van der Waals gas law, real gas equation, modified ideal gas law
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
An equation of state for real gases that modifies the ideal gas law to account for intermolecular attractions and finite molecular volume: (P + an²/V²)(V - nb) = nRT. The constants a and b are specific to each gas. It gives better predictions for non-ideal gas behavior than PV = nRT.
The van der Waals equation is used in engineering and science to model real gas behaviour under non-ideal conditions. It is used to calculate compressibility factors for process design. The equation provides qualitative understanding of the critical point and liquefaction of gases.
Real gas behaviour described by van der Waals equation is important in the design of high-pressure vessels and compressors. Significant deviations from ideal behaviour at high pressure affect safety margins in gas storage equipment.
The formula or notation for Van der Waals Equation is: (P + a/V²)(V - b) = nRT; a, b = van der Waals constants