AllChemicals — The Online Chemical Glossary | https://allchemicals.info/chemical/779-valence-shell-electron-pair-repulsion
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Quick Reference
Also Known As
VSEPR model, VSEPR theory, electron pair repulsion model
What is Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion?
The VSEPR theory predicts molecular geometry by minimizing repulsion between electron pairs (bonding and lone pairs) around a central atom. Lone pairs repel more strongly than bonding pairs, causing deviations from ideal bond angles. Explains why water is bent and ammonia is pyramidal.
Properties & Characteristics
The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model predicts molecular geometry based on the principle that electron pairs (bonding and lone pairs) around a central atom repel each other and adopt positions that minimise repulsion. Lone pairs cause greater repulsion than bonding pairs. The model correctly predicts shapes such as linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral. Bond angles are explained by the relative repulsions of lone and bonding pairs.
Uses & Applications
VSEPR is used to predict and explain the shapes of molecules and polyatomic ions. It guides chemists in understanding polarity, reactivity, and physical properties of compounds. VSEPR predictions are the starting point for understanding molecular geometry before more detailed calculations.
Safety Information
VSEPR is a theoretical model with no direct safety implications. Molecular geometry predicted by VSEPR affects the polarity and biological activity of molecules.
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
SynonymsVSEPR model, VSEPR theory, electron pair repulsion model
Frequently Asked Questions
The VSEPR theory predicts molecular geometry by minimizing repulsion between electron pairs (bonding and lone pairs) around a central atom. Lone pairs repel more strongly than bonding pairs, causing deviations from ideal bond angles. Explains why water is bent and ammonia is pyramidal.
VSEPR is used to predict and explain the shapes of molecules and polyatomic ions. It guides chemists in understanding polarity, reactivity, and physical properties of compounds. VSEPR predictions are the starting point for understanding molecular geometry before more detailed calculations.
VSEPR is a theoretical model with no direct safety implications. Molecular geometry predicted by VSEPR affects the polarity and biological activity of molecules.
Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature,
CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA,
and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified
professionals before handling chemicals.
