AllChemicals — The Online Chemical Glossary | https://allchemicals.info/chemical/777-valence-bond-theory
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Quick Reference
Also Known As
VBT, valence bond model, Heitler-London theory, orbital overlap model
What is Valence Bond Theory?
A quantum mechanical theory describing covalent bonding as the overlap of atomic orbitals from two atoms, each containing one electron. The resulting bond consists of the shared electron pair in the region of overlap. Hybridization extends valence bond theory to explain molecular geometries.
Properties & Characteristics
Valence Bond Theory (VBT) describes covalent bonding as the overlap of atomic orbitals from adjacent atoms, with electron pairs shared in the overlap region. The strength of a bond depends on the degree of orbital overlap. Hybridisation of atomic orbitals (sp, sp², sp³, etc.) explains observed molecular geometries. VBT complemented by resonance and hybridisation describes most covalent structures.
Uses & Applications
Valence Bond Theory is used to explain the geometry and bond angles of molecules using hybridisation. It is the basis for understanding sigma and pi bond formation. VBT guides the interpretation of spectroscopic data and molecular reactivity in organic chemistry.
Safety Information
Valence Bond Theory is a theoretical framework. Understanding orbital overlap through VBT helps predict the reactivity of molecules with different bonding types.
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
SynonymsVBT, valence bond model, Heitler-London theory, orbital overlap model
Frequently Asked Questions
A quantum mechanical theory describing covalent bonding as the overlap of atomic orbitals from two atoms, each containing one electron. The resulting bond consists of the shared electron pair in the region of overlap. Hybridization extends valence bond theory to explain molecular geometries.
Valence Bond Theory is used to explain the geometry and bond angles of molecules using hybridisation. It is the basis for understanding sigma and pi bond formation. VBT guides the interpretation of spectroscopic data and molecular reactivity in organic chemistry.
Valence Bond Theory is a theoretical framework. Understanding orbital overlap through VBT helps predict the reactivity of molecules with different bonding types.
Editorial standards: Chemical data is sourced from peer-reviewed literature,
CAS Registry, NIST WebBook, and PubChem. Safety information reflects guidance from OSHA, ECHA,
and IAEA. For educational purposes only — always consult official SDS documentation and qualified
professionals before handling chemicals.
