Ion
| Formula / Notation | M^n± (cation or anion); formed by electron gain/loss or bond heterolysis |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Cation (positive), anion (negative), charged species, ionic species |
What is Ion?
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, acquiring a net electric charge. Cations (positive ions) have lost electrons; anions (negative ions) have gained electrons. Ions are formed in ionic compounds and are present in electrolyte solutions.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Cation (positive), anion (negative), charged species, ionic species
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, acquiring a net electric charge. Cations (positive ions) have lost electrons; anions (negative ions) have gained electrons. Ions are formed in ionic compounds and are present in electrolyte solutions.
Ions are fundamental to: all electrochemistry (electrolysis, batteries, fuel cells), biology (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻ in nerve impulse; Ca²⁺ in bone; Fe²⁺/³⁺ in haemoglobin and enzymes), industrial processes (ionic liquids as solvents, ion exchange in water treatment), and analytical chemistry (ion chromatogra…
Ion toxicity varies enormously: Na⁺ essential; Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺ highly toxic heavy metal ions; F⁻ toxic at high concentrations. Ions of strong acids at high concentration produce corrosive solutions. Ion-containing compounds require individual SDS review for hazard determination.
The formula or notation for Ion is: M^n± (cation or anion); formed by electron gain/loss or bond heterolysis