Induced Dipole
| Formula / Notation | Induced dipole: α × E (α = polarisability; E = electric field) |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Temporary dipole, instantaneous dipole, polarisation-induced dipole |
What is Induced Dipole?
A temporary dipole created in a nonpolar molecule by a nearby polar molecule or ion. The electric field of the polar species distorts the electron cloud of the nonpolar molecule. Induced dipoles give rise to London dispersion forces between all molecules.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Temporary dipole, instantaneous dipole, polarisation-induced dipole
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A temporary dipole created in a nonpolar molecule by a nearby polar molecule or ion. The electric field of the polar species distorts the electron cloud of the nonpolar molecule. Induced dipoles give rise to London dispersion forces between all molecules.
Induced dipoles are central to understanding: London dispersion forces (dominant for large nonpolar molecules like I₂, hydrocarbons), ion-induced dipole interactions (governing solvation of ions in nonpolar media and binding of metal ions to π systems in coordination chemistry), and the origin of va…
No direct safety concern. Understanding induced dipoles helps explain why heavier nonpolar chemicals (higher polarisability) are retained longer in reversed-phase chromatography and have higher boiling points. Heavier noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe) have larger induced dipoles and stronger narcotic propert…
The formula or notation for Induced Dipole is: Induced dipole: α × E (α = polarisability; E = electric field)