Crystalline Solid
| Formula / Notation | nλ = 2d sinθ (Bragg) |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Crystal, crystalline material, crystalline substance, periodic solid |
What is Crystalline Solid?
A crystalline solid is a solid in which the particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating three-dimensional pattern called a crystal lattice. Crystalline solids have sharp, well-defined melting points and may exhibit cleavage along specific planes. Examples include salt (NaCl), diamond, quartz (SiO₂), and ice.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Crystal, crystalline material, crystalline substance, periodic solid
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
A crystalline solid is a solid in which the particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating three-dimensional pattern called a crystal lattice. Crystalline solids have sharp, well-defined melting points and may exhibit cleavage along specific planes. Examples include salt (NaCl), diamond, quartz (SiO₂), and ice.
Crystalline solids are used in electronics (silicon wafers), optics (quartz crystals for frequency standards, NaCl for IR windows), catalysis (zeolites), and pharmaceuticals (crystallisation is a primary purification method). X-ray crystallography of protein crystals is essential for drug design.
Crystalline silica (quartz) in respirable dust form causes silicosis. Asbestos (crystalline silicate fibres) causes mesothelioma. Many crystalline chemicals are stable but some (crystalline peroxides, azides) are shock-sensitive and can detonate.
The formula or notation for Crystalline Solid is: nλ = 2d sinθ (Bragg)