C

Crystal Lattice

Described by Bravais lattice; unit cell vectors a, b, c and angles α, β, γ
Quick Reference
Formula / NotationDescribed by Bravais lattice; unit cell vectors a, b, c and angles α, β, γ
Also Known AsSpace lattice, Bravais lattice, crystal structure, atomic lattice

What is Crystal Lattice?

A crystal lattice is the regular, three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline solid. Lattice points represent the positions of particles and are described by unit cells, which are the smallest repeating units. Crystal lattice types include simple cubic, face-centred cubic, body-centred cubic, and hexagonal close-packed arrangements.

Formula & Notation

Described by Bravais lattice; unit cell vectors a, b, c and angles α, β, γ

Other Names / Synonyms: Space lattice, Bravais lattice, crystal structure, atomic lattice

Properties & Characteristics

A crystal lattice is the three-dimensional, periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline solid, characterised by translational symmetry. The fundamental repeating unit is the unit cell, defined by three vectors and three angles. There are 7 crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices. The lattice type determines X-ray diffraction patterns (Bragg's law: nλ = 2d sinθ) and physical properties of the crystal.

Uses & Applications

Crystal lattice analysis is fundamental to X-ray crystallography (determining molecular structures), solid-state chemistry, materials science, and pharmaceutical polymorph characterisation. Many industrial processes exploit crystal lattice properties (zeolite molecular sieves, piezoelectric crystals).

Safety Information

Fine crystalline dust (silica, asbestos) can cause serious lung disease (silicosis, mesothelioma). Work with powdered crystalline materials should use dust control measures. Some crystalline materials are sharp-edged and present laceration hazards.

Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.

Key Facts

Term Crystal Lattice
Formula Described by Bravais lattice; unit cell vectors a, b, c and angles α, β, γ
Synonyms Space lattice, Bravais lattice, crystal structure, atomic lattice

Frequently Asked Questions

A crystal lattice is the regular, three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystalline solid. Lattice points represent the positions of particles and are described by unit cells, which are the smallest repeating units. Crystal lattice types include simple cubic, face-centred cubic, body-centred cubic, and hexagonal close-packed arrangements.

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