Crystal Lattice Energy
| Formula / Notation | U = −Mz₊z₋e²NA / (4πε₀r₀)(1 − 1/n); Born-Landé equation |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Lattice energy, ionic crystal energy, Born-Landé lattice energy, U |
What is Crystal Lattice Energy?
Crystal lattice energy (lattice enthalpy) is the energy released when one mole of a crystalline ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions at infinite separation, or equivalently, the energy required to separate the lattice into gaseous ions. It is a measure of the strength of ionic bonding. Larger lattice energies indicate more stable ionic compounds.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Lattice energy, ionic crystal energy, Born-Landé lattice energy, U
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Crystal lattice energy (lattice enthalpy) is the energy released when one mole of a crystalline ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions at infinite separation, or equivalently, the energy required to separate the lattice into gaseous ions. It is a measure of the strength of ionic bonding. Larger lattice energies indicate more stable ionic compounds.
Lattice energy determines the stability, melting point, hardness, and solubility of ionic compounds. High lattice energy (Al₂O₃, MgO) makes compounds hard and high-melting. Lattice energy is compared with hydration energy to predict whether a compound will dissolve in water.
Compounds with very high lattice energy (refractory oxides like MgO, Al₂O₃) are relatively inert but require high-temperature processing (furnace work hazards). Ionic compounds with low lattice energy are more soluble and can pose environmental contamination risks.
The formula or notation for Crystal Lattice Energy is: U = −Mz₊z₋e²NA / (4πε₀r₀)(1 − 1/n); Born-Landé equation