Condensation
| Formula / Notation | Gas → Liquid: ΔH_cond = −ΔH_vap (exothermic) |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Liquefaction, dew formation, condensation reaction (step-growth polymerisation) |
What is Condensation?
In chemistry, condensation refers to two related phenomena: (1) a phase change in which a vapour converts to a liquid by releasing heat, and (2) a condensation reaction (condensation polymerisation) in which two molecules combine with the elimination of a small molecule such as water. Condensation reactions form esters, peptides, and many polymers.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Liquefaction, dew formation, condensation reaction (step-growth polymerisation)
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
In chemistry, condensation refers to two related phenomena: (1) a phase change in which a vapour converts to a liquid by releasing heat, and (2) a condensation reaction (condensation polymerisation) in which two molecules combine with the elimination of a small molecule such as water. Condensation reactions form esters, peptides, and many polymers.
Condensation is exploited in distillation (vapour condensed to separate mixtures), industrial refrigeration cycles, power plant steam condensers, atmospheric water collection, and dew point meteorology. Condensation polymerisation produces nylon, polyesters, and silicones.
Steam condensing on skin causes severe scalds (steam at 100°C carries more heat than boiling water due to latent heat). Industrial condensers must be properly insulated and drained. Condensation of reactive gases (HF, Cl₂) in lines can cause sudden, hazardous liquid release.
The formula or notation for Condensation is: Gas → Liquid: ΔH_cond = −ΔH_vap (exothermic)