Cohesive Forces
| Formula / Notation | Cohesion ∝ γ (surface tension); W_cohesion = 2γ |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Cohesion, intermolecular cohesion, self-adhesion, surface tension (related) |
What is Cohesive Forces?
Cohesive forces are the intermolecular attractive forces between like molecules in a substance. These forces are responsible for surface tension and the tendency of liquids to minimise their surface area. Water has exceptionally high cohesive forces due to hydrogen bonding, which explains its high surface tension. Cohesive forces compete with adhesive forces in determining capillary action behaviour.
Formula & Notation
Other Names / Synonyms: Cohesion, intermolecular cohesion, self-adhesion, surface tension (related)
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Cohesive forces are the intermolecular attractive forces between like molecules in a substance. These forces are responsible for surface tension and the tendency of liquids to minimise their surface area. Water has exceptionally high cohesive forces due to hydrogen bonding, which explains its high surface tension. Cohesive forces compete with adhesive forces in determining capillary action behaviour.
Cohesive forces determine the physical properties of liquids: surface tension (used in emulsification, flotation, detergency), viscosity, and capillary behaviour. Understanding cohesion guides the design of surfactants, adhesives, coatings, and inkjet printing systems.
High surface tension of water can cause liquids to bridge narrow gaps in industrial processes, potentially blocking flow. Strong cohesion in mercury makes it form isolated droplets that are hard to collect if spilled — mercury spills require specialised cleanup to prevent vapour inhalation.
The formula or notation for Cohesive Forces is: Cohesion ∝ γ (surface tension); W_cohesion = 2γ