Cis-Trans Isomerism
| Also Known As | Geometric isomerism, E/Z isomerism, cis-trans stereoisomerism |
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What is Cis-Trans Isomerism?
Cis-trans isomerism (geometric isomerism) occurs when atoms or groups cannot rotate freely due to a double bond or ring structure, resulting in compounds with the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangements. Cis isomers have like groups on the same side; trans isomers have them on opposite sides. These isomers have different physical and sometimes chemical properties.
Properties & Characteristics
Uses & Applications
Safety Information
Always consult the SDS/MSDS before handling any chemical. This information is for educational purposes only.
Key Facts
Frequently Asked Questions
Cis-trans isomerism (geometric isomerism) occurs when atoms or groups cannot rotate freely due to a double bond or ring structure, resulting in compounds with the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangements. Cis isomers have like groups on the same side; trans isomers have them on opposite sides. These isomers have different physical and sometimes chemical properties.
Cis-trans isomerism is important in biochemistry (retinal Z→E photoisomerisation drives vision), drug design (cisplatin vs. transplatin), polymer chemistry (cis-1,4-polyisoprene = natural rubber; trans-1,4-polyisoprene = gutta-percha), and flavour chemistry.
Distinct cis and trans isomers can differ dramatically in toxicity, bioactivity, and environmental persistence. The wrong isomer in a pharmaceutical can be inactive or toxic. Rigorous stereochemical characterisation (NMR, X-ray) is required in drug development.